B.2. Standard Modules
The following is a list of all Perl pragmas and modules included with the current Perl distribution (Version 5.004). The classification of the modules is admittedly arbitrary.
Table B.1. General Programming: Miscellaneous Module Function autouse Defers loading of a module until it's used constant Creates compile-time constants Benchmark Checks and compares running times of code Config Accesses Perl configuration information Env Imports environment variables English Uses English or awk names for punctuation variables FindBin Finds path of currently executing program Getopt::Long Extended processing of command-line options Getopt::Std Processes single-character switches with switch clustering lib Manipulates @INC at compile-time Shell Runs shell commands transparently within Perl strict Restricts unsafe constructs Symbol Generates anonymous globs; qualifies variable names subs Predeclares subroutine names vars Predeclares global variable names
Table B.2. General Programming: Error Handling and Logging Module Function Carp Generates error messages diagnostics Forces verbose warning diagnostics sigtrap Enables stack backtrace on unexpected signals Sys::Syslog Perl interface to UNIX syslog (3) calls
Table B.3. General Programming: File Access and Handling Module Function Cwd Gets pathname of current working directory DirHandle Supplies object methods for directory handles Fcntl Loads the C Fcntl.h defines File::Basename Parses file specifications File::CheckTree Runs many tests on a collection of files File::Copy Copies files or filehandles File::Find Traverses a file tree File::Path Creates or removes a series of directories FileCache Keeps more files open than the system permits FileHandle Supplies object methods for filehandles SelectSaver Saves and restores selected filehandle
Table B.4. General Programming: Classes for I/O Operations Module Function IO Top-level interface to IO::* classes IO::File Object methods for filehandles IO::Handle Object methods for I/O handles IO::Pipe Object methods for pipes IO::Seekable Seek-based methods for I/O objects IO::Select Object interface to select IO::Socket Object interface to sockets
Table B.5. General Programming: Text Processing and Screen Interfaces Module Function locale Uses POSIX locales for built-in operations Pod::HTML Converts pod data to HTML Pod::Text Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text Search::Dict Searches for key in dictionary file Term::Cap Termcap interface Term::Complete Word completion module Text::Abbrev Creates an abbreviation table from a list Text::ParseWords Parses text into an array of tokens Text::Soundex Implements the Soundex Algorithm described by Knuth Text::Tabs Expands and unexpands tabs Text::Wrap Wraps text into a paragraph
Table B.6. Database Interfaces Module Function AnyDBM_File Provides framework for multiple DBMs DB_File Access to Berkeley DB GDBM_File Tied access to GDBM library NDBM_File Tied access to NDBM files ODBM_File Tied access to ODBM files SDBM_File Tied access to SDBM files
Table B.7. Mathematics Module Function Integer Does arithmetic in integer instead of double Math::BigFloat Arbitrary-length, floating-point math package Math::BigInt Arbitrary-length integer math package Math::Complex Complex numbers package
Table B.8. The World Wide Web Module Function CGI Web server interface (Common Gateway Interface) CGI::Apache Support for Apache's Perl module CGI::Carp Log server errors with helpful context CGI::Fast Support for FastCGI (persistent server process) CGI::Push Support for server push CGI::Switch Simple interface for multiple server types
Table B.9. Networking and Interprocess Communication Module Function IPC::Open2 Opens a process for both reading and writing IPC::Open3 Opens a process for reading, writing, and error handling Net::Ping Checks whether a host is online Socket Loads the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators Sys::Hostname Tries every conceivable way to get hostname
Table B.10. Automated Access to the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network Module Function CPAN Simple interface to CPAN CPAN::FirstTime Utility for creating CPAN configuration file CPAN::Nox Runs CPAN while avoiding compiled extensions
Table B.11. Time and Locale Module Function Time::Local Efficiently computes time from local and GMT time I18N::Collate Compares 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
Table B.12. Object Interfaces to Built-in Functions Module Function Class::Struct Declares struct-like datatypes as Perl classes File::stat Object interface to stat function Net::hostent Object interface to gethost * functions Net::netent Object interface to getnet * functions Net::protoent Object interface to getproto * functions Net::servent Object interface to getserv * functions Time::gmtime Object interface to gmtime function Time::localtime Object interface to localtime function Time::tm Internal object for Time::{gm,local}time User::grent Object interface to getgr * functions User::pwent Object interface to getpw * functions
Table B.13. For Developers: Autoloading and Dynamic Loading Module Function AutoLoader Loads functions only on demand AutoSplit Splits a package for autoloading Devel::SelfStubber Generates stubs for a SelfLoading module DynaLoader Automatic dynamic loading of Perl modules SelfLoader Loads functions only on demand
Table B.14. For Developers: Language Extensions/Platform Development Support Module Function blib Finds blib directory structure during module builds ExtUtils::Embed Utilities for embedding Perl in C programs ExtUtils::Install Installs files from here to there ExtUtils::Liblist Determines libraries to use and how to use them ExtUtils::MakeMaker Creates a Makefile for a Perl extension ExtUtils::Manifest Utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file ExtUtils::Miniperl Writes the C code for perlmain.c ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap Makes a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader ExtUtils::Mksymlists Writes linker option files for dynamic extension ExtUtils::MM_OS2 Methods to override UNIX behavior in ExtUtils::MakeMaker ExtUtils::MM_Unix Methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker ExtUtils::MM_VMS Methods to override UNIX behavior in ExtUtils::MakeMaker ExtUtils::testlib Fixes @INC to use just-built extension Opcode Disables opcodes when compiling Perl code ops Pragma for use with Opcode module POSIX Interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 Safe Creates safe namespaces for evaluating Perl code Test::Harness Runs Perl standard test scripts with statistics vmsish Enables VMS-specific features
Table B.15. For Developers: Object-Oriented Programming Support Module Function Exporter Default import method for modules overload Overloads Perl's mathematical operations Tie::RefHash Base class for tied hashes with references as keys Tie::Hash Base class definitions for tied hashes Tie::Scalar Base class definitions for tied scalars Tie::StdHash Base class definitions for tied hashes Tie::StdScalar Base class definitions for tied scalars Tie::SubstrHash Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing UNIVERSAL Base class for all classes
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