Launch Project Builder, and choose New Project from the File menu (File → New Project).

From the New Project window, select Application → Cocoa Document-based Application.

Name the project “RTF Edit”, and save it into your ~/LearningCocoa folder.

Compose the UI by opening the MyDocument.nib file in Interface Builder and performing the following steps:

In Project Builder, open MyDocument.h from the Classes directory, and add a declaration for the text view’s outlet.

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>

@interface MyDocument : NSDocument
{
    IBOutlet NSTextView * textView;
}
@end

Save (File → Save, or

-S) MyDocument.h, and then drag it onto Interface Builder’s MyDocument.nib window so that Interface Builder can pick up the change to the file.

Control-drag a connection from the File’s Owner object (remember, this is a proxy for the MyDocument instance at runtime) to the NSTextView we added in step 4, and connect it to the textView outlet.

Save (File → Save, or

-S) the nib file.

In Project Builder, open the active target (Project → Edit Active Target, or Option-

-E), and select the Info.plist Entries → Simple View → Document Types item in the outline.

Modify the default document type entry as shown in Figure 11-12. Simply click on the “DocumentType” entry to select it, rename “DocumentType” to “Rich Text”, enter the values (rtf for Extension and RTF for OS types) into the Document Type Information area, and click Change to apply these settings.

Open MyDocument.h, and add the dataFromFile instance variable to hold the raw RTF data loaded from a file.

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>

@interface MyDocument : NSDocument
{
    IBOutlet NSTextView * textView;
    NSAttributedString * rtfData;
}
@end

Figure 11-2. Setting the application settings for RTF Edit. Don’t forget to hit the Change button!

Open MyDocument.m, and remove the loadDataRepresentation:ofType: and dataRepresentationOfType: methods. We are removing them now because later on we will load RTFD data from a directory, and we will need the functionality that the file wrapper version of these methods will give us.

Implement the loadFileWrapperRepresentation:ofType:.method:

                     - (BOOL)loadFileWrapperRepresentation:(NSFileWrapper *)wrapper 
                                                    ofType:(NSString *)type
                     {
                         rtfData = [[NSAttributedString alloc]
                             initWithRTF:[wrapper regularFileContents] documentAttributes:nil];   // a
                         if (textView) {                                                          // b
                             [[textView textStorage]
                                 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, [[textView string] length])];
                                     withAttributedString:rtfData];
                             [rtfData release]; 
                          }
                          return YES;
                     }

The code we added does the following things:

Next, implement the fileWrapperRepresentationOfType: method so that the document can save its contents.

                     - (NSFileWrapper *)fileWrapperRepresentationOfType:(NSString *)type
                     {
                         NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0,[[textView string] length];
                         NSFileWrapper * wrapper = [[NSFileWrapper alloc]
                             initRegularFileWithContents:[textView RTFFromRange:range]];
                         return [wrapper autorelease];
                      }

Finally, implement the windowControllerDidLoadNib: method.

- (void)windowControllerDidLoadNib:(NSWindowController *) aController
{
    [super windowControllerDidLoadNib:aController];
    if (rtfData) {                                                           // a
                             [[textView textStorage]
                                 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, [[textView string] length]);
                                     withAttributedString:rtfData];
                             [rtfData release];
                         }
                         [textView setAllowsUndo:YES];                                            // b
}

The code we added does the following things:

Save the project (File → Save, or

-S).

Build and run (Build → Build and Run, or

-R) the application. You should see the text editor as shown in Figure 11-3. You should be able to save and open rich-text files with it.

Open MainMenu.nib in Interface Builder.

Open the Cocoa-Menus palette, and drag a Font menu to the MainMenu menu bar. Drop it between the Edit and Window menus, as shown in Figure 11-4.

Figure 11-4. Adding the Font menu to RTF Edit

Notice that when you drop it, a Font Manager object is added to the nib. This is a reference to the Font Manager so that you can connect it to other objects in your application if needed.

Save (File → Save, or

-S) the nib file.

Return to Project Builder, and Build and Run (

-R) the project. Try the following tasks:

Open MainMenu.nib in Interface Builder.

Open the Cocoa Menus palette, and drag a Text menu to the MainMenu menu bar. Drop it between the Font and Window menus, as shown in Figure 11-9.

Figure 11-9. Adding the Text Menu to RTF Edit’s main menu bar

Save (File → Save, or

-S) the nib file.

Return to Project Builder, and Build and run (

-R) the project. Try the following:

In Project Builder, open the RTF Edit target (Project → Edit Active Target, or Option-

-E), and select the Application Settings tab.

Add a new document type entry as shown in Figure 11-11. Fill out the Document Type Information fields with the fields shown, and click Add. Don’t forget to set the Document Class field to MyDocument.

Figure 11-11. Adding the rtfd file type to the RTF Edit application

Open MyDocument.m, and change the loadFileWrapperRepresentation:ofType: method as shown. This will allow RTF edit to open either RTF or RTFD files. Note that we use the name of the document type we set previously in step 2.

- (BOOL)loadFileWrapperRepresentation:(NSFileWrapper *) ofType:(NSString *)type
{
    if ([type isEqualToString:@"Rich Text with Attachments"]) {
                             rtfData = [[NSAttributedString alloc]
                                 initWithRTFDFileWrapper:wrapper documentAttributes:nil];
                         } else {
        rtfData = [[NSAttributedString alloc]
            initWithRTF:[wrapper regularFileContents] documentAttributes:nil]; 
    }        
    if (textView) {                                                                
        [[textView textStorage]
            replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, [[textView string] length]);
                withAttributedString:rtfData];
        [rtfData release];                                                         
     }
     return YES;
}

Next, change the fileWrapperRepresentationOfType: method so that the document can save its contents according to the type of data requested.

- (NSFileWrapper *)fileWrapperRepresentationOfType:(NSString *)type
{
    NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0, [[textView string] length]);
    if ([type isEqualToString:@"Rich Text with Attachments"]) {
                             return [[textView textStorage] RTFDFileWrapperFromRange:range
                                                                  documentAttributes:nil];
                         } else {
        NSFileWrapper * wrapper = [[NSFileWrapper alloc]
            initRegularFileWithContents:[textView RTFFromRange:range]];
        return [wrapper autorelease];
    }
}

Finally, change the windowControllerDidLoadNib: method so that graphics can be added to the documents.

- (void)windowControllerDidLoadNib:(NSWindowController *) aController
{
    [super windowControllerDidLoadNib:aController];
    if (rtfData) {                                                              
        [[textView textStorage]
            replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, [[textView string] length]);
                withAttributedString:rtfData];
        [rtfData release];
    }
    [textView setAllowsUndo:YES];   
    [textView setImportsGraphics:YES];                                           
}

Save the project (File → Save, or

-S).

Clean the project (Build → Clean, or Shift-

-K).^[18]

Build and run (

-R) the application. Create a document, and drag an image into it. When you save the document, the Save panel will have a pull-down menu to select what kind of file you are saving, as shown in Figure 11-12. Be sure to select Rich Text with Attachments in order to save your image information .

Using Interface Builder, turn on image attachments and undo by removing the two lines of code in the awakeFromNib method that perform this duty.

Set the ruler to appear automatically when a document window opens.

Replace the Speak buttons with menu items.

Add a number of characters line to the Analyze sheet.