Which of the following commands shows the current default route without performing Domain Name System (DNS) lookups on the IP address(es) involved?

1. netstat -rn
2. netstat -n
3. netstat -r
4. netstat -f

You are having difficulty with an interface on the server and it is currently down. Assuming that there is no hardware failure on the device itself, which command and option can you use to display information about the interface?

1. ifconfig -a
2. ifup
3. netstat -n
4. ifconfig

Which of the following is not used as a private address for internal, non-Internet, use?

1. 172.16.4.2
2. 192.168.40.3
3. 10.74.5.244
4. 143.236.32.231

Which of the following commands adds a default gateway of 192.168.1.1 for interface eth0?

1. route add default gateway 192.168.1.1 eth0
2. eth0 --dg 192.168.1.1
3. route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0
4. route define eth0 192.168.1.1

Which option for the host command will query for the authoritative name servers for a given domain?

1. -t ns
2. -t all
3. -ns
4. -named

Which port(s) and protocol(s) should be opened in a firewall in order for the primary and secondary name servers to communicate for a given domain?

1. udp/53
2. Both tcp/53 and udp/53
3. tcp/53
4. udp/53 and tcp/503

Which option for the ping command enables you to choose the interface from which the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets will be generated?

1. -i
2. -I
3. -t
4. -a

You need to split a subnet to enable four subnets with up to 30 hosts each. Which subnet mask, in Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation, facilitates this scenario?

1. /25
2. /24
3. /32
4. /27

Which of the following commands queries for the mail servers for the domain example.com?

1. dig example.com mx
2. dig example.com
3. host -t smtp example.com
4. dig example.com smtp

Which of the following addresses represents the localhost in IPv6?

1. 0:1
2. ::1
3. 127:0:1
4. :127:0:0:1

Which option to the traceroute command will use TCP SYN packets for the path trace?

1. -T
2. -t
3. -s
4. -i

Which of the following commands will attempt to bring online all interfaces marked as auto within the networking configuration?

1. ifconfig -a
2. ifup auto
3. ifup -a
4. ifstat

In a scripting scenario, which command will return the domain name configured for the server?

1. dnsname
2. fqdn
3. hostname
4. hostname -d

Which command can be used to listen for netlink messages on a network?

1. ip monitor
2. netlink -a
3. ip netlink
4. route

If the traceroute6 command is not available, which option to the traceroute command can be used for an IPv6 traceroute?

1. -ipv6
2. -net6
3. -v6
4. -6

Which of the following configuration lines in /etc/nsswitch.conf causes a lookup for group information to first use local files and then use LDAP?

1. group: files ldap
2. lookup: group [local ldap]
3. group: [local ldap]
4. group: localfiles ldap

Which of the following dig commands sends the query for example.com directly to the server at 192.168.2.5 rather than to a locally configured resolver?

1. dig example.com @192.168.2.5
2. dig -t 192.168.2.5 example.com
3. dig -s 192.168.2.5 example.com
4. dig server=192.168.2.5 example.com

Which ports need to be allowed through the firewall for Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) traffic?

1. Ports 23 and 25
2. Ports 110 and 143
3. Ports 80 and 443
4. Ports 161 and 162

Which of the following commands will enumerate the hosts database?

1. getent hosts
2. gethosts
3. nslookup
4. host

Which of the following netmasks is used for a subnet described with a /25 in CIDR notation?

1. 255.255.255.0
2. 255.255.0.0
3. 255.255.255.192
4. 255.255.255.128

Which of the following configuration lines will set the DNS server to 192.168.1.4 using /etc/resolv.conf?

1. dns 192.168.1.4
2. dns-server 192.168.1.4
3. nameserver 192.168.1.4
4. name-server 192.168.1.4

When examining open ports on the server, you see that TCP port 3000 is listed with no corresponding protocol name, such as SMTP, IMAP over SSL (IMAPS), and so on. In which file would you find a list of port-to-protocol translations that could be customized to add this new port?

1. /etc/ports
2. /etc/p2p
3. /etc/ppp
4. /etc/services

Which of the following commands adds a route to the server for the network 192.168.51.0/24 through its gateway of 192.168.51.1?

1. route add -net 192.168.51.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.51.1
2. route add -net 192.168.51/24 gw 192.168.1.51
3. route -net 192.168.51.0/24 192.168.51.1
4. route add 192.168.51.1 -n 192.168.51.0//255.255.255.0

Which of the following netstat options displays the send and receive queues for each socket?

1. -r
2. -M
3. -a
4. -v

Which of the following represents a correct configuration line for /etc/hosts?

1. 192.168.1.4 cwa.braingia.org cwa
2. cwa.braingia.org cwa 192.168.1.4
3. cwa.braingia.org 192.168.1.8 alias cwa
4. alias cwa.braingia.org cwa 192.168.1.4

Which of the following commands configures the eth0 device with an IP address of 192.168.1.1 in a /24 network?

1. ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1/24
2. ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1/255.255.255.0
3. ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
4. ifconfig 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0

Which of the following describes a primary difference between IPv4 and IPv6?

1. IPv4 is for internal networks only, whereas IPv6 is for public networks.
2. IPv4 is for public networks, whereas IPv6 is for internal networks.
3. IPv4 uses a 32-bit address, whereas IPv6 uses a 128-bit address.
4. With IPv6, no subnetting is necessary.

On which port does ICMP operate?

1. TCP/43
2. UDP/111
3. UDP/69
4. ICMP does not use ports.

Which of the following commands will change the default gateway to 192.168.1.1 using eth0?

1. ip route default gw 192.168.1.1
2. ip route change default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0
3. ip route default gw update 192.168.1.1
4. ip route update default 192.168.1.1 eth0

Which of the following ports is used for Secure Shell communication?

1. TCP/23
2. TCP/25
3. TCP/22
4. TCP/2200

Which options for netcat will create a server listening on port 8080?

1. netcat -p 8080
2. nc -l -p 8080
3. nc -p 8080
4. nc -s 8080

Which of the following commands displays the Start of Authority information for the domain example.com?

1. dig example.com soa
2. dig example.com authority
3. dig example.com -auth
4. dig -t auth example.com

Assume that you want to enable local client services to go to hosts on the network without needing to fully qualify the name by adding the domain for either example.com or example.org. Which option in /etc/resolv.conf will provide this functionality?

1. search
2. domain
3. local-domain
4. local-order

Which of the following commands sends an IPv6 ping to a unique local address?

1. ping -6 127.0.0.1
2. ping6 fddi/128
3. ping6 fdd6:551:b09f::
4. ping -6 fdd6:551:b09f::

Which of the following commands prevents traffic from reaching the host 192.168.1.3?

1. route add -host 192.168.1.3 reject
2. route -nullroute 192.168.1.3
3. route add -null 192.168.1.3
4. route add -block 192.168.1.3

Which of the following describes a primary difference between traceroute and tracepath?

1. The traceroute command requires root privileges.
2. The tracepath command provides the MTU for each hop, whereas traceroute does not.
3. The tracepath command cannot be used for tracing a path on an external network.
4. The traceroute command is not compatible with IPv6.

Which of the following commands will emulate the ping command in Microsoft Windows, where the ping is sent for four packets and then the command exits?

1. ping -n 4
2. ping -t 4
3. ping -p 4
4. ping -c 4

Which command provides an interface into NetworkManager that works from a terminal window?

1. nmcli
2. nmui
3. nm
4. nman

Which of the following commands configures eth1 with an additional IPv6 address of fdd6:551:b09e::?

1. ifconfig eth1 inet6 add fdd6:551:b09e::/128
2. ifconfig add fdd6:551:b09e::
3. ifconfig fdd6:551:b09e:: eth1
4. ifconfig eth1 fdd6:551:b09e

On which port does LDAP over SSL operate?

1. Port 53
2. Port 389
3. Port 636
4. Port 443

You need to prevent local clients from going to a certain host, www.example.com, and instead redirect them to localhost. Which of the following is a method to override DNS lookups for the specified host?

1. Add a firewall entry for the IP address of www.example.com to prevent traffic from passing through it.
2. Delete www.example.com from the route table using the route command.
3. Add a null route to prevent access to the IP address for www.example.com.
4. Add an entry for www.example.com in /etc/hosts to point to 127.0.0.1.

Which of the following commands should be executed after running ip route change?

1. ip route flush cache
2. ip route reload
3. ip route cache reload
4. ip route restart

Which option should be used to send a DNS query for a Sender Policy Framework (SPF) record with dig?

1. -t txt
2. -t spf
3. -t mx
4. -t mailspf

Which of the following protocols uses a three-way handshake?

1. ICMP
2. TCP
3. UDP
4. IP

How many IP addresses are available in the 172.16.0.0 private range in IPv4?

1. /32
2. 16,777,216
3. 65,536
4. 1,048,576

When troubleshooting a connectivity issue, you have found that you can reach a server via the web but cannot ping it. Which of the following best describes a possible cause for this scenario?

1. TCP traffic has been blocked at the firewall.
2. The DNS lookup is failing.
3. ICMP traffic has been blocked.
4. There is a reject route in place.

When viewing the available routes using the route command, one route contains UG flags and the others contain U flags. What do the letters UG signify in the route table?

1. The G signifies that the route is good.
2. The G signifies that the route is unavailable.
3. The G signifies that this is a gateway.
4. The G signifies that the route is an aggregate.

Which of the following commands requests a zone transfer of example.org from the server at 192.168.1.4?

1. dig example.org @192.168.1.4 axfr
2. dig example.org @192.168.1.4
3. dig example.org @192.168.1.4 xfer
4. dig example.org #192.168.1.4 xfer

Which of the following commands displays the number of packets forwarded by the kernel?

1. ls
2. ipstat
3. ifconfig -a
4. netstat -s

When using the ip command, which protocol family is used as the default if not otherwise specified?

1. tcpip
2. ip
3. inet
4. arp

Which of the following commands changes the Media Access Control (MAC) address of eth0?

1. ifmac eth0
2. ifconfig eth0 hw ether
3. ifconfig eth0 mac
4. ifconfig eth0 hw mac

You are using the route command to view routes. However, name resolution is taking a long time and causing delay in the response from the route command. Which option to route can be added to cause it to not perform name resolution?

1. -d
2. -e
3. -f
4. -n

You have replaced a device on the network but used the IP from another active device. Which command can be run to remove the MAC address entry from your computer so that it performs the address resolution again?

1. arp -d
2. netstat -rn
3. hostname
4. dig

Which of the following commands displays information such as link status about the wireless device wlan0?

1. iw dev wlan0 link
2. wlan0 list
3. iw wlan0 -l
4. iw dev link

Which command is used for setting parameters such as the essid, channel, and other related options for a wireless device?

1. ifconfig
2. iwconfig
3. wlancfg
4. iconf

Which of the following commands can be used to scan for available wireless networks?

1. iwlist get
2. iwconfig scan
3. iwlist scan
4. iw-scan

You need to offer internally facing NTP services. On which protocol and port does NTP listen?

1. TCP/20 and TCP/21
2. UDP/123
3. TCP/139
4. UDP/5150

You need to set the MTU to a specific value for a network interface. Which option to ifconfig facilitates this?

1. -mtu
2. mtu
3. metric
4. addrmtu

Which option to the arp command creates a new entry for a given IP address-to-MAC address pair?

1. -s
2. -c
3. -d
4. --add

Which of the following commands shows network sockets and their allocated memory?

1. ss -m
2. mpas
3. mem
4. free

When troubleshooting a potential hardware problem, you need to determine which physical interface is being used for a certain address. One way to accomplish this is with the ping command in order to monitor the activity lights on the device. Which of the following options to ping will flood the interface with ECHO_REQUEST packets?

1. -e
2. -a
3. -c
4. -f

Which of the following commands can be used to test network connectivity at the TCP level instead of telnet?

1. netstat
2. nc
3. nettest
4. ping

Which option to tcpdump displays a list of available interfaces on which tcpdump can operate?

1. -a
2. -d
3. -D
4. -i

Which command provides a method for sending ICMP requests for IPv6?

1. ping6
2. pingv6
3. tracert
4. 6ping

Which of the following commands displays information about addresses, specifically only IPv6 addresses, currently in use on the computer?

1. ip addr
2. ip -6 addr
3. ip6add
4. ipv6addr

Which of the following commands will disable ARP on the interface eth0?

1. ifconfig eth0 -arp
2. ip eth0 noarp
3. ifconfig eth0 noarp
4. if eth0 disable arp

Which option to the route command forces the kernel to use the specified device for the route rather than attempting to determine the correct device?

1. inet
2. addr
3. dev
4. device

Which option to the ss command shows the process IDs associated with the socket?

1. -l
2. -a
3. -p
4. -f

Which option to traceroute causes the command to use ICMP for requests?

1. -T
2. -A
3. -I
4. -i

Which programmatic function is used by the hostname command internally?

1. getaddr
2. gethost
3. gethostname
4. getname

Which of the following commands will examine the system log for information regarding DHCP activity?

1. grep -i dhcp /var/log/syslog
2. grep -v dhcp /var/log/syslog
3. grep -vi dhcp /var/log/kern.log
4. dmesg | grep dhcp

Which of the following characters are valid for hostnames in /etc/hosts?

1. Alphanumerics, minus, underscore, and dot
2. Alphanumerics, minus, and dot
3. Alphanumerics and dot
4. Alphanumerics

Which of the following configuration lines in /etc/resolv.conf enables debugging?

1. debug
2. options debug
3. option debug
4. enable-debug

Which of the following commands views systemd journal entries for the NetworkManager unit?

1. systemd NetworkManager
2. systemd NetworkCtl
3. systemctl NetworkManager
4. journalctl -u NetworkManager

Which file is read at boot to set the local computer’s hostname?

1. /etc/hostname
2. /etc/hosts
3. /etc/localhost
4. /etc/networkhost

Which traceroute command is used exclusively for IPv6 route traces?

1. trace6
2. traceroute6
3. tracert6
4. 6trace

Which type can be used with the dig command to test a zone transfer?

1. xfr
2. transfer
3. zxfr
4. axfr

Which option to the host command sets the query type to ANY?

1. -a
2. -b
3. -c
4. -d

Within which file can per-user default settings be created for the dig command?

1. /etc/dig.cfg
2. /etc/dig.conf
3. ~/.digrc
4. ~/.dig.conf

Which type of DNS record is used for specifying a POP3 server?

1. POP
2. PO
3. MX
4. There is no specific type for POP3 servers.

Which of the following iproute2 commands changes the address of device eth0 to 192.168.1.1 with netmask 255.255.255.0?

1. ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
2. ip addr eth0 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
3. ip addr dev eth0 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
4. ip addr 192.168.1.1/255.255.255.0 eth0

Which command is used to show the settings for DNS resolution with systemd-resolved?

1. systemctl resolvers
2. resolvectl status
3. systemctl --resolvers
4. resolvectl --view-status

Which of the following commands enables NetworkManager so that it can be used to configure Ethernet and Wi-Fi network devices?

1. nmcli networking on
2. netman enable
3. NetworkManager --enable
4. nmti --enable networking

You are troubleshooting a DNS problem using the dig command and receive a status: NXDOMAIN message. Which of the following best describes what NXDOMAIN means?

1. NXDOMAIN means that you have received a nonauthoritative answer for the query.
2. NXDOMAIN means that the domain or host is not found.
3. NXDOMAIN indicates a successful query.
4. NXDOMAIN signifies a new domain record has been added.

Which systemd daemon can be used to manage network interfaces through systemd?

1. networker
2. networked
3. networkd
4. netwrkd

Which command for hostnamectl can be used to set the hostname?

1. set-host
2. set-hostname
3. set-name
4. hostname

On which port does IMAP over SSL (IMAPS) listen?

1. 993
2. 995
3. 465
4. 514

When you’re looking to parse the output of the ip command, which option can you set to remove newlines so that the output can be piped to the grep command?

1. -n
2. -o
3. -l
4. -f