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Management network
by Paolo Valsecchi, Karel Novak, Andrea Mauro, Martin Gavanda, Hersey Cartwright, M
The Complete VMware vSphere Guide
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
The Complete VMware vSphere Guide
About Packt
Why subscribe?
Packt.com
Contributors
About the authors
Packt is searching for authors like you
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Download the example code files
Conventions used
Get in touch
Reviews
The Virtual Data Center
Benefits and technologies of virtualization
The hypervisor
Virtual machines
Virtual infrastructure management
Understanding the benefits of virtualization
Identifying when not to virtualize
Becoming a virtual data center architect
How it works…
There's more…
Using a holistic approach to data center design
How to do it…
How it works…
Passing the VMware VCAP6-DCV Design exam
Getting ready
How to do it…
There's more…
Becoming a VMware Certified Design Expert
How to do it…
There's more…
Identifying what's new in vSphere 6.7
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Planning a vSphere 6.7 upgrade
How to do it…
How it works…
The Discovery Process
Identifying the design factors
How to do it…
How it works…
Identifying stakeholders
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Conducting stakeholder interviews
How to do it…
How it works…
Using VMware Capacity Planner
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Using Windows Performance Monitor
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Conducting a VMware optimization assessment
How to do it…
How it works…
Identifying dependencies
How to do it…
How it works…
The Design Factors
Identifying design requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Identifying design constraints
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Making design assumptions
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Identifying design risks
How to do it…
How it works…
Considering infrastructure design qualities
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Creating the conceptual design
How to do it…
How it works…
Design requirements
Design constraints
Assumptions
There's more…
vSphere Management Design
Identifying vCenter components and dependencies
How to do it…
How it works…
Selecting a vCenter deployment option
How to do it…
How it works…
Determining vCenter resource requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Selecting a database for the vCenter deployment
How to do it…
How it works…
Determining database interoperability
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Choosing a vCenter deployment topology
How to do it…
How it works…
Designing for management availability
How to do it…
How it works…
Designing a separate management cluster
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Configuring vCenter mail, SNMP, and alarms
How to do it…
How it works…
Using Enhanced Linked Mode
How to do it…
How it works…
Using the VMware Product Interoperability Matrix
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Backing up the vCenter Server components
How to do it…
How it works…
Planning vCenter HA to increase vCenter availability
How to do it…
How it works…
Upgrading vCenter Server
How to do it…
How it works…
Designing a vSphere Update Manager Deployment
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
vSphere Storage Design
Identifying RAID levels
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Calculating storage capacity requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Determining storage performance requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Calculating storage throughput
How to do it…
How it works…
Storage connectivity options
How to do it…
How it works…
Storage path selection plugins
How to do it…
How it works…
Sizing datastores
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Designing VSAN for virtual machine storage
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Using VMware Virtual Volumes
How to do it…
How it works…
Incorporating storage policies into a design
How to do it…
How it works…
NFS version 4.1 capabilities and limits
How to do it…
How it works…
Using persistent memory to maximize VM performance
How to do it…
How it works…
vSphere Network Design
Determining network bandwidth requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Standard or distributed virtual switches
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Providing network availability
How to do it…
How it works…
Network resource management
How to do it…
How it works…
Using private VLANs
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
IP storage network design considerations
How to do it…
How it works…
Using jumbo frames
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating custom TCP/IP stacks
How to do it…
How it works…
Designing for VMkernel services
How to do it…
How it works…
vMotion network design considerations
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Using 10 GbE converged network adapters
How to do it…
How it works…
IPv6 in a vSphere design
How to do it…
How it works…
Remote direct memory access options
How to do it…
How it works…
vSphere Compute Design
Calculating CPU resource requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
Calculating memory resource requirements
How to do it…
How it works…
Transparent page sharing
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Scaling up or scaling out
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Determining the vCPU-to-core ratio
How to do it…
How it works…
Clustering compute resources
How to do it…
How it works…
Reserving HA resources to support failover
How to do it…
How it works…
Using distributed resource scheduling to balance cluster resources
How to do it…
How it works…
Ensuring cluster vMotion compatibility
How to do it…
How it works…
Using resource pools
How to do it…
How it works…
Providing Fault Tolerance protection
How to do it…
How it works…
Leveraging host flash
How to do it…
How it works…
vSphere Physical Design
Using the VMware Hardware Compatibility List
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Understanding the physical storage design
How to do it…
How it works…
Understanding the physical network design
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating the physical compute design
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating a custom ESXi image
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
The best practices for ESXi host BIOS settings
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Upgrading an ESXi host
How to do it…
How it works…
Virtual Machine Design
Right-sizing virtual machines
How to do it…
How it works…
Enabling CPU hot add and memory hot plug
How to do it…
How it works…
Using paravirtualized VM hardware
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating virtual machine templates
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Upgrading and installing VMware Tools
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Upgrading VM virtual hardware
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
Using vApps to organize virtualized applications
How to do it…
How it works…
Using VM affinity and anti-affinity rules
How to do it…
How it works…
Using VM to Host affinity and anti-affinity rules
How to do it…
How it works…
Converting physical servers with vCenter Converter Standalone
How to do it…
How it works…
Migrating servers into vSphere
How to do it…
How it works…
Deployment Workflow and Component Installation
vSphere components and workflow
ESXi deployment plan
Choosing the hardware platform
Identification of the storage architecture
Defining the network configuration
ESXi installation
Where should I install ESXi?
Preparing for deployment
Interactive installation
Unattended installation
Auto Deploy installation
How Auto Deploy works
Configuring DHCP
Configuring TFTP
Creating an image profile
Creating deployment rules
Auto Deploy modes
Stateless installation
Stateless caching installation
Stateful installation
vCenter Server components
PSC
Linked Mode
vCenter Server
Migration from vCenter for Windows to vCSA
Where to install – physical or virtual?
vCenter Server Appliance deployment
Why deploy vCSA instead of the Windows version?
Installing the vCSA PSC
Installing the vCSA vCenter
Installing the vCSA with Embedded Platform Service Controller
vCSA HA
vCenter HA configuration
Configuring and Managing vSphere 6.7
Using the VMware vSphere HTML5 client
Configuring ESXi
Management network configuration
Enabling Secure Shell (SSH) access
ESXi firewall
Configuring the Network Time Protocol (NTP)
ESXi 6.7 partition layout
Boot banks
Scratch partition
Centralized log management
vRealize Log Insight
Free syslog servers
Syslog configuration
Backing up and restoring ESXi
Backing up and restoring ESXi using CLI
Backing up and restoring ESXi using PowerCLI
Backing up using PowerCLI
Restoring using PowerCLI
Backing up all ESXi servers within a single vCenter server
Configuring vCSA
Basic setup using the vCenter Server Appliance Management Interface (VAMI)
Modifying the IP address and DNS
Exporting a support bundle
Configuring time synchronization
Changing the vCSA password
Licensing
Roles and permissions
AD integration
Configuring ESXi with AD authentication
Installing the VMware Enhanced Authentication plugin
vCSA and PSC
Repointing the vCSA to another external PSC
Pointing the vCSA with an embedded PSC to an external PSC
Resetting the SSO password
Exporting and importing the vCSA configuration
The vCSA backup procedure
vCSA restoration procedure
Managing data centers, clusters, and hosts
Creating a data center
Adding a host to the vCenter Server
Disconnecting a host from vCenter Server
Removing a host from vCenter Server
Creating a cluster
Removing a host from a cluster
Managing hosts
Using tags
Tasks
Scheduling tasks
Managing host profiles
Automating tasks with scripts
Automating with PowerCLI
PowerCLI script examples
vCenter REST API
Life Cycle Management, Patching, and Upgrading
Patching a vSphere 6.7 environment
Upgrade flow to vSphere 6.7
Upgrading the workflow and procedure
Step 1 – pre-migration
Step 2 – migration
Step 3 – validation
Upgrading vCSA 6.5 to vCSA 6.7
Upgrading vCenter 6.5 for Windows to vCenter  6.7 for Windows
PSC upgrade
Upgrading vCenter Server
Migrating vCenter 6.5 for Windows to vCSA 6.7
Migration procedure
Upgrading standalone ESXi servers
ESXi compatibility checker
Updating or patching ESXi hosts through the installation ISO
Updating or patching ESXi hosts through the command line
Rolling back to the previous version
VUM
Configuring VUM
Working with baselines
Baseline groups
Attaching or detaching baselines
Scanning VMs and hosts
Staging and remediating patches
Upgrading hosts with VUM
Upgrading VM hardware
Upgrading VM Tools
Updating the vCSA
Updating the vCSA through the command line
Staging and remediating patches
Updating the vCSA with VAMI
VM Deployment and Management
The components of a virtual machine
Virtual hardware
vCPUs
Memory
Network adapter
Virtual disks
Storage controller
File structure
Changing the default file position
Virtual machine tools
OVT
Deploying VMs
Creating a new VM
Hardware version
Setting the default hardware version
Installing the OS
Installing Virtual Machine Tools
Cloning a VM
Deploying a VM from a template
VM customization Specifications
Content library
Creating a content library
Local content library
Subscribed content library
Working with the content library
Uploading ISO images
Uploading templates and OVF files
Deploying VMs from the content library
ISO files from the content library
Managing VMs
Adding or registering an existing VM
Removing or deleting a VM
Managing the power state of a VM
Managing VM snapshots
Creating a snapshot
Reverting to a snapshot
Committing changes
Snapshot consolidation
Importing and exporting VMs
Deploying Open Virtual Format (OVF) and Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) templates
Exporting a virtual machine and an Open Virtual Format (OVF)
Converting VMs
P2V conversion
V2V conversion
VM Resource Management
Virtual machine resource management
Reservations, limits, and shares
Shares
Reservations
Limits
CPU resources
Memory resources
VM swapping
ESXi host memory states
TPS
Ballooning
Compression
Host swapping
Virtual machine migration
Compute vMotion
Storage vMotion
vMotion without shared storage
DRS
Virtual network-aware DRS
Managing DRS rules
VM-VM affinity rule
VM-Host affinity rule
DRS recommendations
DRS utilization
Managing power resources
Resource pools and vApps
Resource pool configuration 
Expandable resource pool
Resource allocation monitoring and calculations
Managing resource pools
vApps
Network and storage resources
Availability and Disaster Recovery
VMware vSphere HA
vSphere HA configuration
vSphere HA heartbeats
vSphere HA network heartbeats 
vSphere HA storage heartbeats
vSphere HA protection mechanism
Virtual Machine Component Protection (VMCP)
Proactive HA
Admission control
VM restart and monitoring
VMware vSphere FT
FT configuration
Working with FT-enabled VM
FT performance implications
Virtual machine clustering
Clustering features available in VMware vSphere
RDM device and multi-writer flag
Virtual machine backup
Transport modes
Backup solutions for VMware vSphere
Veeam Backup and Replication
NAKIVO Backup and Replication
Altaro VM Backup
Vembu VMBackup
Deduplication appliances
Hyper-scale solutions
Cohesity
Rubrik
VMware vSphere Replication
vSphere Replication installation
Working with vSphere Replication
Configuring vSphere Replication 
Disaster recovery and disaster avoidance
DR of a virtual data center
DR versus disaster avoidance
DR versus stretched clusters
VMware solutions
VM Replication
Stretched cluster
SRM
Securing and Protecting Your Environment
Security and hardening concepts in vSphere
Hardening vSphere
Authentication and identity
SSO configuration
Password management
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Active directory integration
MFA
Smart cards
RSA SecurID
vCenter Server, ESXi, and VM hardening
ESXi hardening
Lockdown mode
Networking
Transparent Page Sharing (TPS)
VIB acceptance level
Host encryption mode
ESXi Secure Boot
vCenter hardening
VM hardening
VM Secure Boot
Other security aspects
Log management
Monitoring protocols
Certification management
Encryption options of the vSphere
Protecting the data at rest
VM encryption
Protecting data in motion
Encrypted vMotion
Analyzing and Optimizing Your Environment
Monitoring a virtual environment
vSphere monitoring
vCenter Server statistics levels
Performance monitoring with vCenter Server
ESXi health
Working with alarms
CLI monitoring
ESXTOP
PowerCLI
VM optimization
Using the default VM templates
Using only the necessary virtual hardware
Choosing the correct virtual network adapter
VMware tools
Paravirtual SCSI (PVSCSI) storage controller
Don't use snapshots in production
Don't oversize your VMs
VMware OS Optimization Tool (OSOT)
Log management
vRealize Log Insight
vRealize Operations
vRealize Operations installation
vRealize Operations analytics
vRealize Operations integrations
Other monitoring tools
Veeam ONE
Opvizor
Troubleshooting Your Environment
What is troubleshooting?
Troubleshooting a virtual environment
CLI tools
esxcli commands
esxcfg-*
Ruby vSphere console
vim-cmd
vcsa-cli
PowerCLI
Logs
ESXi host logs
Troubleshooting vSphere components
Troubleshooting the vCenter Server
Troubleshooting the ESXi host
Troubleshooting cluster HA or DRS
Troubleshooting a virtual network
Troubleshooting storage
Troubleshooting VMs
Building Your Own VMware vSphere Lab
The importance of lifelong learning
Why build a lab?
VMware Hands-On Lab (HOL)
VMware forums
Blogs
Choosing the right platform
Standard rack servers
Desktop PC
Small, dedicated PCs
Cloud-based solutions
A dedicated server in a data center
Software components and licensing
VMware licensing
VMware EVALExperience
Windows licensing
Other software components
Storage
Networking
Architecture and logical design
The architecture of the lab
The Master ESXi hypervisor
iSCSI storage
Virtual router
Management station
AD
IP address plan
Management network
vMotion network
iSCSI network
Production network
A detailed implementation guide
Master ESXi server configuration
Network configuration
Virtual switches
Port groups
Virtual machines
Virtual router
Virtual router configuration
Firewalls and access to the virtual router
DNS configuration
License configuration
VLAN configuration
Windows infrastructure
DC01.learnvmware.local
DC02.learnvmware.local
Mgmt.learnvmware.local
iscsi.learnvmware.local
Storage design
iSCSI target configuration
DNS configuration
Centralized management
iSCSI target configuration
ESXi servers
Network configuration
vSwitches
Port groups
VMkernel ports
Network verification
Storage configuration
The vCenter Server
vSphere configuration
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IP address plan
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vMotion network
Management network
The management network is used for management communication between different components:
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