Index
Page numbers in italic indicate a figure and page numbers in bold indicate a table on the corresponding page
absent materiality 46–47, 48, 52–54, 54; public cultural center, case study 57–65, 61, 63; rhythms of 52–53
“absent presence” 106
‘absent spaces’ 15
abstract space: elements of 297–299; production of 285–288
abstraction: as a historical process 288–290; intensifying the spiral of at Mucuripe 296–297
action 112; dressage 150–154; social action 283–284
aesthetics 105
agency: “embedded agency” 113; social action 112–113
alternative uses of the sidewalk 248–251, 250
Althusser, Louis 286
analyzing lived experience 139–140
ANT (actor-network theory) 12, 53
appropriation of space 136, 274–279, 277; “inhabitance” 264
arrhythmia 184
artefacts, meaning of 136
assumptions: contrasting principal assumptions in Lefebvre and institutionalism 111; regarding leadership 73–74
authoritative power see power-over
barraquismo 270
barrios 262; Orcasitas Neighbourhood Association 275
Beyond Management (Lennie, 1999) 11
Bitter, Sabine 27
Blagojevic, Ljiljana 27
the body 36–38, 39; dressage 150–154; Lefebvre’s epistemology of 135–136; lived space as embodied experience 81–82; rhythmanalysis 167–169; space as product of 37–38; ‘total body’ 133; walking as rhythmanalysis 170
Bourdieu, Pierre, habitus 41n5
Brazilian favelas 284, 290–291, 293–294; discussion 299–302; historical space of 294–296; intensifying the spiral of abstraction at Mucuripe 296–297
Bringas, Jose Manuel 275
buildings, “spatial legacies” 108
‘the bureaucratic society of controlled consumption’ 33
canteens 195–196; healthy food choices 226–228, 227
case studies: Hangzhou, China 238, 240–243, 241, 243–245, 244, 245–248, 246, 247, 248–251, 250, 251–254, 253, 254–257; ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia 195–196; public cultural center, planning and construction of 54–57
Castillo, Jose 268
cathedrals 133, 135; coexistence of the sacred and commercial 140; lived experience, methodology for analysis 139–140; modernization programmes 140; secular activities 140
ceremoniality 106
chabolas 262, 270–274, 271, 273
characteristics of spatial organization 309–311
China: car licenses 258n5; Household Registration System 257n1; popularity of Hangzhou 258n6; ‘socialism with Chinese characteristics’ 258n4; see also Hangzhou case study
cities: ‘closed’ 268; ‘distinctive patina’ 162; open 279–280; rhythmanalysis 167–169; RtC 237–238; walking as rhythmanalysis 170
City of London, England 161–162; ‘distinctive patina’ 162, 165; exploring 162–164; financial districts, studies on 165–166; as performative workplace 172–177, 175, 176, 177; restricted spaces 177–181, 178, 179; as site of order and disorder 181–183; walking as rhythmanalysis 170
“closed systems” 106
the ‘Cocoon’ 12
co-creation 93
collaboration 95
collectives 72–73, 75–76, 94–95; festivals 194; ‘mass-driven’ power 95; square dancing 251–254, 253; squatter settlements in Spain 262
conceived space 50, 68n1, 79, 137; controlling 300; tension with lived space 192–193
contrasting principal assumptions in Lefebvre and institutionalism 111
control 10; of conceived space 300; in Lefebvre’s triad 193–194; production of space as 49; through spatial organization 191–193; through spatial segregation 265–268
conversation 139
corporeal production of space 38
Critique of Everyday Life (Lefebvre, 2014) 7, 34
cultural center case study 54–55; absent materiality 57–60; data analysis 56–57; data collection 55–56; park area 60–65, 61, 63
cultural legacy 166
‘culture jamming’ 10
dance: link to space 201–202; square dancing 251–254, 253
data analysis, public cultural center case study 56–57
data collection, public cultural center case study 55–56
“desacralisation” of time 137–138
development of organizational space literature 11–12
dialectical materialism 31–34; autogestion 33–34; ‘the bureaucratic society of controlled consumption’ 33; Nietzche, F. 32; oppressive notion of power 75; production of space 35–36; spatial dialectics 39
dictatorship of Franco 261
digital technologies in reorganizing spatial relations 313–314
discarded spaces 48
disco dancing 199
disorder, City of London as site of 181–183
disposal of planned space 52–54, 54, 67; park area in cultural center case study 60–65, 61, 63
‘distinctive patina’ 162
domination: through spatial organization 191–193; through spatial segregation 265–268
Drori, Gili S. 17
dwelling 143–144; at work 144–150, 145, 147, 148
dynamics of urban space 240
eating and the workplace 207–209; eating alone 220–224, 221; food smells 224–226; healthy food choices 226–228, 227; relationship-building 219–220; sharing of food 217–219, 218, 219; www.91ways.org 230n1
ecclesiastical organizations 133, 135; lived experience, methodology for analysis 139–140
elements of abstract space 297–299
“embedded agency” 113
embodied spatiality 134
embodiment 11; spacing leadership 81–82; see also the body; ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia
enclosed spaces of the City of London 177–181, 178, 179
end-user engagement 96
engagement: as co-designers 93; end-user 96
‘escape attempts’ 199
eurythmia 184
everyday life 34–36, 39; and “everydayness” 35
“everydayness” 35
exchange value 238
exploring City of London 162–164
Ezrat Yisrael 121
failure of the ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia 203–204
favelas 284, 290–291, 293–294; historical space of 294–296; intensifying the spiral of abstraction at Mucuripe 296–297
festivals 194; ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia 202–203; lunch disco 195
Fight Club (Fincher, 1999) 197–198
financial districts: rhythms of 180–181; studies on 165–166
Follett, Mary Parker 17, 73; views on power 78–79
food and the workplace 207–209, 209–210; eating alone 220–224, 221; healthy food choices 226–228, 227; relationship-building 219–220; sharing of food 217–219, 218, 219; space 210–212; talking over food 215–217, 216; www.91ways.org 230n1
foodscapes: eating alone 220–224, 221; food smells 224–226; relationship-building 219–220; sharing of food 217–219, 218, 219
food-shaming 223
forms of necessity 41n6
Foucault, Michel, Lefebvre on 6–7
Franco, Francisco 261
Franco regime: appropriation of space during 274–279, 277; social control through spatial segregation 265–268
Frankfurt Critical Theory 192
gender in organizations 314–315
General Plan of the City of Madrid 266–267
Gottdiener, Mark 5
‘Guess who’s coming to dinner?’ 210
Guilbaud, Pierre 27
Haberman, Jürgen 7
habitus 41n5
Hangzhou case study 238, 240–243, 241; alternative uses of the sidewalk 248–251, 250; discussion 254–257; promotion of mass consumption 243–245, 244; redesigning roads 245–248, 246, 247; square dancing 251–254, 253
Hatch, Mary Jo 8
healthy food choices in the workplace 226–228, 227
Hegel, G.W.F. 31, see also dialectical materialism
heroic leadership 80
historical process, abstraction as 288–290
historical space of favelas 294–296
history: of conceived space 49; in Lefebvre 51–52; of space 191; spatial history 166
Household Registration System 257n1
human embodiment 11
industrial workplace 76; atomization 76–77
industrialization 165
influence of Lefebvre’s work 3–7
informal production of space 264; in the periphery of Madrid 268–274, 271, 273
The Information Age (Castells, 1996) 7
“inhabitance” 264
insights gained from institutionalist analysis of the Western Wall 122
institutional foodscapes 211–212
institutional theory 104–105; action 112; analysis of Jerusalem’s Western Wall 118–125, 120; “closed systems” 106; contrasting assumptions with Lefebvre 111; “embedded agency” 113; interchange with Lefebvrian definitions of space 114–116; links with Lefebvre 109–118; logics 106–107; meaning, emphasis on 108; neo-institutional theory 105–106; new paths for conceptual and empirical advances 108–109; ontological distinctions with Lefebvre 110–114, 111; propositions for Lefebvre-inspired institutional analyses of space 117–118; social action 112–113; “spatiality turn” 105–109
interpretations of the ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia 198–200
Israel, institutional analysis of Jerusalem’s Western Wall 118–125, 120
Jerusalem’s Western Wall, institutionalist analysis of 118–125, 120; insights gained from 122; spatialized enactment 123–124; spatialized logics 120–122, 120; spatialized sensemaking 122–123
Lacerda, Daniel 21
language 107; conversation 139
Latour, Bruno 12
leaderless organizations 95
leadership 72; accounting of time in 80–81; assumptions regarding 73–74; collectives 94–95; Follett’s views on power 78–79; heroic 80; in Marxist thought 75; materiality 80; ‘new school’ of 74; plural 75–79; power-with approach 93–94; spacing leadership 81–82; see also power relations; ‘spacing leadership’
Lefebvre, Henri: ‘the bureaucratic society of controlled consumption’ 33; contrasting assumptions with institutionalism 111; Critique of Everyday Life (Lefebvre, 2014) 7; critique of urbanization 76; enlisting 29–31; everyday life 34–36; on Foucault 6–7; influence of his work 3–7; left-wing activism 6; life and work of 1–3; links with institutional theory 109–118; organizational studies, contribution to 5–7, 7–14; The Production of Space (Lefebvre, 1991) 3–4; proposal for the International Competition for the New Belgrade Urban Structure Improvement 27–28; Rhythmanalysis (Lefebvre, 2004) 4; The Sociology of Marx (Lefebvre, 1982) 6; threefold production of space 49–51; writing style 3
Lefebvre’s triad 4, 8, 9, 13, 50–51, 79–80; bases for interchange with institutional theory 114–116; conceived space 137; embodiment 11; epistemology of space and body 135; linking to rhythmanalysis 138; lived space 137; philosophical context of 190–191; political context of 190–191; propositions for Lefebvre-inspired institutional analyses of space 117–118; re-evaluating 189; renovation project activities in reference to 87; see also conceived space ; lived space
left-wing activism of Lefebvre 6
legitimation 111; of approaches to material social resources 115–116
Lennie, Ian 11
life and work of Henri Lefebvre 1–3
linear rhythms 137–138; of the City of London 172–177, 175, 176, 177; dressage 150–154
links between institutional theory and Lefebvre 109–118
literature on ‘foodscape studies’ 211–212
lived experience, methodology for analysis 139–140
lived space 4, 9, 10–11, 30, 50, 135–136, 137; as embodied experience 81–82; tension with conceived space 192–193
logics 106–107; spatialized 120–122, 120
‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia 189, 195–196; discussion 201–202; failure of 203–204; interpretations of 198–200; lived experiences 197–198; method of analysis 196–197; spatial practice in 200; symbolizations 198–200
lunch disco 195; see also ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia
Madrid, Spain: General Plan of the City of Madrid 266–267; producing informal space in the periphery of 268–274, 271, 273
management of absence 52–54, 54
Marxist thought: as context for Lefebvre’s triad 190–191; dialectical materialism 31–34; leadership 75; RtC 238–240; social action 113; “totality of instances” 286–287; value creation theory 191
mass consumption, Hangzhou case study 243–245, 244
‘mass-driven’ power 95
“material turn” in organizational studies 104–105, 106–108
materiality in leadership research 80
meaning: of artefacts 136; institutional theory’s emphasis on 108; spatial mode of 117–118
Mengis, Jeanne 16
metro routes in Hangzhou 243–245, 244
missed historical possibilities in urban planning 65–66
modernization programmes for cathedrals 140
modes of organization 27
‘mondialization’ 316
Monty, Merleau 11
“multimodality turn” in organizational studies 107
“muscular” power 110
museums, absent materiality in public cultural center case study 57–60
necessity, forms of 41n6
neo-institutional theory 17; “absent presence” 106; isomorphism 115–116; principles of 105–106
neo-rationalism 27
‘new school’ of leadership 74
NVivo software 56
oevre 265
office space, spacing leadership project 82–92, 84, 85, 87, 89, 90, 91
‘old school’ of leadership 74
ontological distinctions between institutional theory and Lefebvre 110–114, 111
oppressive notion of power 75
Orcasitas, Spain: appropriation of space 278–279; barrios 262
Orcasitas Neighbourhood Association 275
order, City of London as site of 181–183
Organization Theory (Hatch, 1997) 8
organizational dressage 150–154
organizational space, lived experience of, methodology for analysis 139–140
organizational studies: absent materiality 46–47, 48; ANT 53; control 10; development of organizational space literature 11–12; enlisting Lefebvre 29–31; Lefebvre’s contribution to 5–7, 7–14; Lefebvre’s triad 9; “material turn” in 104–105, 106–108; neo-institutional theory 17, 105–106; power relations 11; resistance 10; RtC 238–240; spaces of organizing 28; ‘turn-thinking’ 308–309; “visual turn” in 104–105, 107
organizations: aesthetics of 105; ecclesiastical 133, 135; gender 314–315
park area in cultural center case study 60–65, 61, 63
parking 247
Peltonen, Tuomo 19
perceived space 30; controlling 300
Petani, Fabio 16
phases of spacing leadership process 86–92, 87, 89, 90, 91
phenomenological approach to space 133
philosophical context of Lefebvre’s triad 190–191
photography in spatial practices of eating at work study 213–214
Plan for the Remodelling the Neighbourhoods of Madrid 280
planned spaces 68n1; absent materiality 48
plural leadership 75–79; atomization 76–77; collectives 75–76; Follett’s views on power 78–79; rhythmanalysis 77–78; spacing leadership 81–82
PMBOK (Project Management Book of Knowledge) 96–97
political context of Lefebvre’s triad 190–191
popularity of Hangzhou 258n6
post-heroic leadership approach 75–76
power relations 11; Follett’s views on 78–79; oppressive notion of power 75; see also leadership
power-over approach 78
“practices of inhabitance” 264
Preminger, Briana 17
principles of neo-institutional theory 105–106
‘the problems of spatial organization’: the body 36–38; dialectical materialism 31–34; everyday life 34–36; hermeneutics of spacing 38–41; reliance on The Production of Space 29–31; ‘right to the city’ 38–41
production of space 35–36, 36–38, 37–38, 49–51; absent materiality 52–54, 54; abstract space 285–288; disposal of planned space 52–54, 54; informal 264; informal space in the periphery of Madrid 268–274, 271, 273; as political form of control 49; time 51
The Production of Space (Lefebvre, 1991) 3–4, 13, 27, 79, 189, 239, 284; reliance on 29–31; tension within 41n3; ‘unitary theory’ of space 193–194
promotion of mass consumption, Hangzhou case study 243–245, 244
proposal for the International Competition for the New Belgrade Urban Structure Improvement 27–28
propositions for Lefebvre-inspired institutional analyses of space 117–118
Protection of Holy Places Law 121
public cultural center, case study 54–55; data analysis 56–57; data collection 55–56; museum 57–60; park area 60–65, 61, 63
real-and-imagined space 4
redesigning roads, Hangzhou case study 246
re-evaluating Lefebvre’s triad 189
reification 77; of Lefebvre’s triad 13–14
rejected space, park area in cultural center case study 60–65, 61, 63
Renaudie, Serge 27
renovations, spatial renovation in a university building 82–92, 84, 85, 87, 89, 90, 91
reorganizing spatial relations 313–314
representations of space 30, 50
res cogitans 79
res extensa 79
resistance 10
restricted spaces of the City of London 177–181, 178, 179
rhythmanalysis 93, 134, 167–169; linear rhythms of the City of London, England 172–177, 175, 176, 177; linking to Lefebvre’s triad 138; methodological reflections 184–186; walking as 169–172, 170
Rhythmanalysis (Lefebvre, 2004) 4, 34, 36, 167
rhythms 52; of absence 52–53; of financial markets 180–181; of nature 77–78
roads, redesigning 245–248, 246, 247
Roy, Ananya 268
RtC (The Right to the City) 237–238; “inhabitance” 264; and organization studies 238–240
second critical phase in urban development 263
secular activities in cathedrals 140
sensemaking from institutionalist analysis of Jerusalem’s Western Wall 122–123
sharing of food 217–219, 218, 219
sidewalks, alternative uses of 248–251, 250
sociability of space 118
social context of Lefebvre’ triad 190–191
social production of space 11
‘socialism with Chinese characteristics’ 258n4
‘The socialspatial constitution of business organizations: a geographical perspective’ 8
The Sociology of Marx (Lefebvre, 1982) 6
space: ‘absent’ 15; abstract 290, 297–299; appropriation of 136, 274–279, 277; collectives 94–95; concrete 3–4; and food 210–212; history of 191; interchange between institutionalism and Lefebvrian definitions of 114–116; Lefebvre’s epistemology of 135–136; liminal 136, 202; link to dance 201–202; lived 30, 50; ‘lost’ 12–13; mental 3–4; ontological distinctions between institutional theory and Lefebvre 110–113, 111; perceived 30; phenomenological approach to 133; as product of the human body 37–38; propositions for Lefebvre-inspired institutional analyses of 117–118; real-and-imagined 4; representations of 30; in rural communities 77; ‘unitary theory’ of 193–194; see also corporeal production of space; institutional theory; production of space; spatial organization
spacing leadership 72, 73, 81–82; embodied knowledge 95–97; in a university context 82–92, 84, 85, 87, 89, 90, 91
Spain: appropriation of space 274–279, 277; barrios 262; General Plan of the City of Madrid 266–267; open cities 279–280; Satellite Suburbs 266–267; squatter settlements 262
spatial dialectics 39
spatial history 166
“spatial legacies” 108
spatial mode of meaning 117–118
spatial organization: characteristics of 309–311; everyday life 34–36; future research on 311–316; as means of control 191–193; and “spaces of organizing” 33; see also urban space
spatial practices of eating at work study 50; conclusions of 228–230; eating alone 220–224, 221; food smells 224–226; foodscapes 214–215; health and wellbeing 226–228, 227; in ‘Lunch Beat’ movement 200; relationship-building 219–220; sharing of food 217–219, 218, 219; talking over food 215–217, 216
spatial relations: digital technologies 313–314; ‘subjects’ 307
spatiality: embodied 134; between Lefebvrianism and institutionalism 125–126
“spatiality turn” in institutional theory 105–109; legitimation 108; modern architecture 107–108
spatialized logics 120–122, 120
‘spiral’ 288; of abstraction 296–297
‘Spiritual Capital’ 139
squatter settlements in Spain 262, 269
St. Michael’s Cathedral research study: conceptualizations of space 135–138; data analysis 143; data collection 141–143; discussion 155–157; dressage 150–154; dwelling 143–150; research context 139–141; research methodology 138–139
Surrealist movement 194
talking over food 215–217, 216; relationship-building 219–220
‘technocracy’ 315
technology, digital technologies in reorganizing spatial relations 313–314
Temple Mount, institutionalist analysis of the Western Wall 118–125, 120; insights gained from 122; spatialized enactment 123–124; spatialized logics 120–122, 120; spatialized sensemaking 122–123
temporality: leadership, accounting of time in 80–81; in Lefebvre 51–52; rhythmanalysis 167–169; rhythms 137–138; walking as rhythmanalysis 170
tension between conceived and lived space 192–193
Theory of Communicative Action (Jürgen, 1984) 7
‘third way’ 41n4
time see also rhythms; also temporality: accounting of in leadership 80–81; centrality of to the production of space 51; “desacralisation” of 137–138; rhythmanalysis 167–169; rhythms 137–138; walking as rhythmanalysis 170
‘total body’ 133
“totality of instances” 286–287; abstraction as a historical process 288–290
triad see Lefebvre’s triad
unbuilt spaces 47; see also waste
‘unitary theory’ of space 193–194
universities, spacing leadership in 82–92, 84, 85, 87, 89, 90, 91
“unresolved question of value” in cultural center case study 59–60
UPP (Unidades de Policia Pacificadora) 284, 292
urban planning see also public cultural center, case study: alternative uses of the sidewalk 248–251, 250; missed historical possibilities 65–66; open cities 279–280; parking 247
urban revival, city-as-oeuvre 238–239
urban segregation 264; social control through 265–268
urban space: abstraction as a historical process 289–290; “critical zone” 263–264; dynamics of 240; and the Franco regime 265–268
urban studies: autogestion 33–34; everyday life 34–36; industrialization 165; rhythmanalysis 167–169
urbanization: Hangzhou case study 240–243, 241; Lefebvre’s critique of 76; second critical phase in urban development 263
use-value 238
walking as rhythmanalysis 170
Warnes, Sarah 18
waste 46; in public cultural center case study 56–57
Weber, Helmut 27
Western Wall, institutionalist analysis of 118–125, 120; insights gained from 122; spatialized enactment 123–124; spatialized logics 120–122, 120; spatialized sensemaking 122–123
workplaces: canteen 195; City of London as performative workplace 172–177, 175, 176, 177; and eating 207–209; and food 207–209, 209–210; ‘Lunch Beat’ movement in Scandinavia 195–196; spatial organization as means of control and domination 191–193
workshops, in spacing leadership process 86–87, 87
workspace: dwelling 144–150, 145, 147, 148; organizational dressage 150–154; sharing of food 217–219, 218, 219; spatial practices of eating at work 214–217
Wright, Frank Lloyd 108
writing style of Lefebvre 3