11. Understanding NoSQL and MongoDB

At the core of most large-scale web applications and services is a high-performance data storage solution. The backend data store is responsible for storing everything from user account information to shopping cart items to blog and comment data. Good web applications need to be able to store and retrieve data with accuracy, speed, and reliability. Therefore, the data storage mechanism you choose must be able to perform at a level to satisfy user demand.

Several different data storage solutions are available to store and retrieve data needed by web applications. The three most common are direct file system storage in files, relational databases, and NoSQL databases. This book focuses on the third type: a NoSQL database called MongoDB.

The following sections describe MongoDB and discuss the design considerations you need to think about before deciding how to implement the structure for your data and the configuration for your database. This chapter covers the questions to ask yourself and also the mechanisms built into MongoDB to satisfy the demands of the answers to those questions.

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