Many industries have professional organizations where practitioners, regardless of their employer, can come together to share information. CSIRT personnel may also be tasked with interfacing with law enforcement and government agencies at times, especially if they are targeted as part of a larger attack perpetrated against a number of similar organizations. Having relationships with external organizations and agencies can assist the CSIRT with intelligence sharing and resources in the event of an incident. These resources include the following:

• High Technology Crime Investigation Association (HTCIA): The HTCIA is an international group of professionals and students with a focus on high-tech crime. Resources include everything from digital forensics techniques to wider enterprise-level information that could aid CSIRT personnel with new techniques and methods. For more information visit the official website:https://htcia.org/
• Infragard: For those CSIRT and information security practitioners in the United States, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has created a private-public partnership geared toward networking and information sharing. This partnership allows CSIRT members to share information about trends or discuss past investigations. We can find more information on the website:https://www.infragard.org/
• Law enforcement: Law enforcement has seen an explosive growth in cyber-related criminal activity. In response, a great many law enforcement organizations have increased their capacity to investigate cybercrime. CSIRT leadership should cultivate a relationship with agencies that have cybercrime investigative capabilities. Law enforcement agencies can provide insight into specific threats or crimes being committed and provide CSIRTs with any specific information that concerns them.
• Vendors: External vendors can be leveraged in the event of an incident and what they can provide is often dependent on the specific line of business the organization has engaged them in. For example, an organization's IPS/IDS solution provider could assist with crafting custom alerting and blocking rules to assist in the detection and containment of malicious activity. Vendors with a threat intelligence capability can also provide guidance on malicious activity indicators. Finally, some organizations will need to engage vendors who have a particular incident response specialty such as reverse engineering malware when those skills fall outside an organization's capability.

Depending on the size of the organization, it is easy to see how the CSIRT can involve a number of people. It is critical to putting together the entire CSIRT that each member is aware of their roles and responsibilities. Each member should also be asked for specific guidance on what expertise can be leveraged during the entire incident response process. This becomes more important in the next part of the incident response framework, which is the creation of an incident response plan.