Depreciation Expense

Depreciation is a method by which the cost of long-term fixed assets (purchases that are expected to provide benefits for the company for a period over one year) is spread over a future period (number of years) when these assets are expected to be in service and help generate revenue for a company. Depreciation quantifies the wear and tear (from use and passage of time) of the physical asset through a systematic decrease (depreciation) of the assets’ book (historical) value.

Depreciable Fixed Assets Include:

  • Plants

  • Machinery

  • Equipment

  • Furniture

  • Fixtures

  • Leasehold improvements

Land is a fixed asset but is not depreciated.


Major Asset Classes and Their Typical Useful Lives

Building and improvements5–50 years
Fixtures and equipment5–12 years
Transportation equipment2–5 years
Internally developed software3 years
LandNot depreciated


9. Depreciation
Exercise
Q1:Which of the following need to be depreciated?
Warehouse
Administrative wages
Office furniture
Power plant
Land used to build a supermarket

9. Depreciation
Solution
Q1:Which of the following need to be depreciated?
Warehouse
Administrative wages [Part of SG&A, not an asset]
Office furniture
Power plant
Land used to build a supermarket [Land is never depreciated.]

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