In this chapter, we covered a couple of examples that showed us how to both validate user inputs as well as manipulate them. We also took a look at some common design patterns and saw how it's sometimes better to simplify the problem instead of using brute force in one pattern for the purpose of creating validations.

In the next chapter, we will continue exploring some real-world problems by developing an application with Node.js, which can be used to read a file and extract its information, displaying it in a more user friendly manner.