Option A is incorrect, as pods are the lowest level of computational unit, and they run one or more containers. Option B is incorrect, as deployments are collections of pods that run an application in a cluster. Option D is incorrect, as services do not control access from external services.

Options A and B would require more work to set up a service to watch for a login and then send a message. Option D is incorrect, as Cloud Dataflow is a stream and batch processing platform not suitable for responding to events in Firebase.

Option A is incorrect because Cloud Dataflow is a stream and batch processing service. Option C, Identity and Access Management, is an authentication and authorization service. Option D, App Engine Flexible, is a PaaS offering that allows users to customize their own runtimes using containers.

Option B is incorrect because the application stores data about a stream, so it is stateful. Option C is incorrect because there is enough information. Option D is incorrect because the application stores data about the stream, so it is stateful.

Options A, B, and D do not decouple the services.

Option A, Cloud Dataproc, is a managed Hadoop and Spark service. Option C, Cloud Dataprep, is a data preparation tool for analysis and machine learning. Option D, Cloud Memorystore, is a managed cache service.

Cloud Monitoring is Google Cloud's monitoring service. Option A, Cloud Dataprep, is a data preparation tool for analysis and machine learning. Option C, Cloud Dataproc, is a managed Hadoop and Spark service. Option D, Cloud Memorystore, is a managed cache service.

Options A and D are not as cost-efficient as Option B. Option C is incorrect because App Engine Standard does not provide a C++ runtime.

Option A is incorrect, as Firebase is GCP's mobile development platform. Option D is incorrect; Datastore is a NoSQL database. Option C is incorrect because Cloud Memorystore is a managed cache service.

This is an ETL operation so Cloud Data Fusion is also a viable solution but that was not included in the options.

Option A is incorrect; a Kubernetes Service is an abstraction for accessing applications to a Kubernetes cluster. Option C is incorrect; Kubernetes Ingress is used for enabling access to Kubernetes services from external clients. Option D is incorrect; the Anthos Config Management service controls cluster configuration by applying configuration specifications to select components of a cluster based on such as namespaces, labels, and annotations. Anthos Config Management includes the Policy Controller, which is designed to enforce business logic rules on API requests to Kubernetes.

Option B is not the best answer because Nearline should be used with objects that are accessed less often than once in 30 days. Archive class storage is more cost-effective and still meets the requirements.

Option C is incorrect. Cloud Filestore is a network filesystem, and it is used to store data that is actively used by applications running on Compute Engine VM and Kubernetes Engine clusters. Option D is incorrect; Bigtable is a NoSQL database that is not designed for file storage.

Option A is incorrect, as this could cause hotspots. Options C and D affect the lifecycle of files once they are written and do not impact upload efficiency.

Options A and B are incorrect because those are databases, not file storage systems. Option D is incorrect because it does not meet the requirement of providing availability in the event of a single region failure.

Option A, Cloud Storage, is incorrect because it does not provide a filesystem. Options C and D are incorrect because databases do not provide filesystems.

Option A is incorrect because Bigtable is a wide-column NoSQL database, and it is not a suitable substitute for MySQL. Option B is incorrect because BigQuery is optimized for data warehouse and analytic databases, not transactional databases. Option D is incorrect, as Cloud Filestore is not a database.

Option A, gsutil, is the command-line tool for working with Cloud Storage, and Option D, cbt, is the command-line tool for working with Bigtable. Option B, gcloud, is the command-line tool for most other GCP services.

Options B and D would enable the user to view data but would grant more permissions than needed, including the ability to change the data. Option C does not grant permission to view data in tables.

The other options specify features that are found in relational databases. ACID transactions and indexes are found in some NoSQL databases as well.

Option A is a poor choice because a self-managed relational database will be difficult to scale, is not the best type of database for the scale of time-series data the company anticipates, would not meet requirements, and would require less administrative support. Option B will not scale to the volume of data expected. Option C, Cloud Spanner, could scale to store the volumes of data, but it is not optimized for low-latency writes of streaming data.

Options A and C are not correct, as they require developing custom applications to partition data or keep replicas synchronized. Option D is incorrect because the requirements can be met.

Option A is incorrect. It is not a database. Options C and D are not good fits because the JSON data would have to be mapped to relational structures to take advantage of the full range of relational features. There is no indication that additional relational features are required.

Option A is incorrect, as retention policies prevent premature deleting of an object. Option C is incorrect. This is a feature used to implement retention policies. Option D is incorrect; multiregion replication does control changes to storage classes.

Option B is incorrect. Premium Network routes data over the internal Google network, but it does not extend to client devices. Option C will not help with latency. Option D is incorrect because moving the location of the server might reduce the latency for some users, but it would likely increase latency for other users, as they could be located anywhere around the globe.

The BigQuery Transfer Service and BigQuery Load Jobs are used for batch loading, not streaming loading. Cloud Storage Transfer Service is used to load data into Cloud Storage, not BigQuery.

Option A is incorrect, as default subnets use private addresses. Option C is incorrect because increasing the size of the subnet mask does not necessarily prevent overlaps. Option D is an option that would also ensure nonoverlapping addresses, but it is not necessary given the stated requirements.

Option B is incorrect, as load balancing does not help with network access. Options C and D are incorrect because those are mechanisms for hybrid cloud computing. In this case, all resources are in GCP, so hybrid networking is not needed.

Option A is wrong because 24 is the number of bits available to specify a host address. Options C and D are wrong, as the integer does not indicate an octet.

Option A is incorrect because it does not help isolate the rule or rules causing the problem, and it may introduce new problems because the new rules may take precedence in cases they did not before. Option B is not helpful because alone it would not help isolate the problematic rule or rules. Option D is incorrect because it will leave the VPC with only implied rules. Adding back all rules could be time-consuming, and having no rules could cause additional problems.

Option A is incorrect because firewall rules restrict or allow traffic on a network—they do not link networks. Options B and D are incorrect because load balancing does not link networks.

Options A and B are not correct because gated topologies are used to allow access to APIs in other networks without exposing them to the public internet. Option C is incorrect because that topology is used to exchange data and have different processing done in different environments.

Option B is incorrect, as SSL Proxy is used for non-HTTPS SSL traffic. Option C is incorrect because it does not support external traffic from the public internet. Option D is incorrect, as TCP Proxy is used for non-HTTP(S) traffic.

Option A is incorrect, as object storage is not needed. Option C is incorrect because a VPN is not required. Option D is incorrect, as that is another kind of global load balancer that would require Premium Tier networking.

Both options A and B should be used with actual users. Option D is not a valid type of identity in GCP.

Options B, C, and D are incorrect because you cannot assign permissions directly to a user.

Option A is incorrect. Basic roles are coarse-grained and grant more permissions than often needed. Option C is incorrect. Simply creating a particular type of identity does not by itself associate permissions with users. Option D is not the best option because it requires more administrative overhead than option B, and it is a best practice to use predefined roles as much as possible and only create custom roles when a suitable predefined role does not exist.

Options A and B are incorrect, as they are too few. Option D is incorrect because all services should be considered within a trust domain.

Option B is not the best option because it assigns roles to an identity, which is allowed but not recommended. If the team changes strategy and wants to have three administrators at a time, roles would have to be granted and revoked to multiple identities rather than a single group. Options C and D are incorrect because roles/logging.privateLogViewer does not grant administrative access.

Option A is incorrect. There are no hidden locations on disk that are inaccessible from a hardware perspective. Option C is incorrect. Keys are not stored in a relational database. Option D is incorrect. An elliptic curve encryption algorithm is not used.

Options A and B are incorrect. They are both document databases and are not suitable for low-latency, highly secure key storage. Option D is incorrect. Bigtable is designed for low-latency, high-write volume operations over variable structured data. It is not designed for secure key management.

Option A is incorrect because Cloud Logging does not retain log data for five years. Option C is not the best option since the data does not need to be queried, and it is likely not structured sufficiently to be stored efficiently in BigQuery. Option D is incorrect. Cloud Pub/Sub is a messaging service, not a long-term data store.

Option A is incorrect. Defense in depth is the use of multiple security controls to mitigate the same risk. Option C is incorrect because least privilege applies to a set of permissions granted for a single task, such as deploying to production. Option D is incorrect. Encryption at rest is not related to the scenario described in the question.

Option A is incorrect because HIPAA and HITECH apply to protected healthcare data. Option B is incorrect because SOX applies to financial data. Option C is incorrect, as it applies to children in the United States.

Option B is incorrect because TOGAF is an enterprise architecture framework. Option C is incorrect because the Porters Five Forces Model is used to assess competitiveness. Option D is incorrect because the Ansoff Matrix is used to summarize growth strategies.

Option B is incorrect because detailed log data describes significant events but does not necessarily convey resource utilization or other performance-related data. Option C is incorrect because errors are types of events that indicate a problem but are not helpful for understanding normal, baseline operations. Option D is incorrect because acceptance tests measure how well a system meets business requirements but do not provide point-in-time performance information.

Option A is incorrect because one or more conditions are necessary but not sufficient. Option C is incorrect because a log message specification describes the content written to a log when an event occurs. Option D is incorrect because acceptance tests are used to assess how well a system meets business requirements; they are not related to alerting.

Option A and Option B are incorrect, as neither records detailed information about access control changes. Option D may have some information about user privilege changes, but notes may be changed and otherwise tampered with, so on their own they are insufficient sources of information for compliance review purposes.

Option A is incorrect because release management is not related to programming paradigms. Option B is incorrect because release management does not require waterfall methodologies. Option D is incorrect. Release management does not influence the use of stateful or stateless services.

Option B is incorrect because a stress test could be run on the unit of code, but it is more than what is necessary to test if the application should be built. Option C is incorrect because acceptance tests are used to confirm that business requirements are met; a build that only partially meets business requirements is still useful for developers to create. Option D is incorrect because compliance tests is a fictitious term and not an actual class of tests used in release management.

Option A is incorrect, as business continuity planning is not required before development, though it can occur alongside development. Option C is incorrect because testing occurs after software is developed. Similarly, option D is incorrect because documentation comes after development as well.

Option B is incorrect, as COTS is not an ORM. Options C and D are both incorrect. COTS is not about business continuity or disaster recovery.

Option A is incorrect, as analysis is about scoping a problem and choosing a solution approach. Option B is incorrect because high-level design is dedicated to identifying subcomponents and how they function together. Option D is incorrect because the maintenance phase is about keeping software functioning.

Option A is incorrect because design documentation may describe why design decisions were made—it does not contain distilled information about running the service. Option B is incorrect, as user documentation is for customers of the service. Option D is incorrect because although developer documentation may eventually help the engineer understand the reason why the service failed, it is not the best option for finding specific guidance on getting the service to function normally.

Option A is incorrect because this is a reasonable approach to improving reliability, assuming that the practice is transparent and coordinated with others responsible for the system. Option B is incorrect. This is not a test to ensure that components work together. It is an experiment to see what happens when some components do not work. Option C is incorrect. This does test the ability of the system to process increasingly demanding workloads.

Options A, B, and C are all wrong because they focus on blaming a single individual for an incident that occurred because of multiple factors. Also, laying blame does not contribute to finding a solution. In cases where an individual's negligence or lack of knowledge is a significant contributing factor, then other management processes should be used to address the problem. Post-mortems exist to learn and to correct technical processes.

Options A and B are likely to be found in all well-run software development teams. Option D may not be used at many startups, but it should be.

Options A and B are incorrect because it should be addressed, since it adversely impacts customers. Option C is incorrect because software engineers and architects can recognize a customer-impacting flaw and correct it.

Option A is incorrect. Recovery time objectives cannot be set until the details of the recovery plan are determined. Option B is incorrect because you cannot decide what risk to transfer to an insurance company before understanding what the risks and recovery objectives are. Option D is incorrect. A service management plan is part of an enterprise IT process structure.

Option B is incorrect since there is no mention of compliance requirements and regulations do not typically dictate meeting structures. Options C and D are incorrect, as there is no discussion of cost or skill building.

Option A is incorrect because the words do mean different things. Option C is incorrect because programs are not part of projects. Option D is incorrect because projects do not refer only to software engineering efforts.

Option A is incorrect, as the stakeholders are not identified here. Option B is incorrect because there is no discussion of individuals' roles and scope of interest. Option C is incorrect because the architect did not publish a plan.

Option A is incorrect. This is not a change prompted by the actions of an individual, such as someone leaving the company. Option C is incorrect because a skills gap did not trigger the change, although there may be a skills gap on the team that now has to implement alerting. Option D is incorrect. There is no mention of economic factors, such as a recession.

Option A is incorrect. This is not a change prompted by the actions of an individual, such as someone leaving the company. Option B is incorrect, as there is no mention of competitive pressures. Option C is incorrect. A skills gap did not trigger the change, although there may be a skills gap on the team that now has to implement alerting.

Option A is incorrect. A program manager may not be able to stop some changes, such as changes due to regulatory changes, without adverse consequences. Option B is incorrect because it does not solve the problem presented but may be part of a solution that includes using a change management strategy. Option D is incorrect, as cost controls will not help the program manager understand the impact of changes.

Option A is incorrect. This is not a typical change management issue because it involves the entire enterprise introducing multiple new technologies. Option C is incorrect. The scope of this initiative is in response to more than a single competitor. Option D is incorrect. This is not a cost management initiative.

Option A is incorrect. This is not about defining skills needed, as that has already been done. Option C is incorrect because it is premature to develop a plan until the gaps are understood. Option D is incorrect because there is no mention of hiring additional engineers.

Option A is incorrect. This is not about defining skills needed. Option B is incorrect. This is not about identifying skills gaps, as that has already been done. Option D is incorrect because it does not entail recruiting.

Option A is incorrect, as this is not about defining skills needed. Option B is incorrect. This is not about identifying skills gaps, as that has already been done. Option C is incorrect because it does not entail planning training and skill development.

Option A is incorrect because the customer is already acquired. Option B is incorrect because there is no marketing or sales involved. Option D is incorrect because this is a consulting engagement and not a training activity.

Option A is incorrect because the customer is already acquired. Option B is incorrect because there is no marketing or sales involved. Option C is incorrect because this is not a consulting engagement.

Option A is incorrect because customers are rarely acquired at trade shows. The marketing activities at a trade show may lead to customer acquisition at a later date, however. Option C is incorrect because this is not a consulting engagement. Option D is incorrect because this does not involve training and support activities.

Options B and C are incorrect because there is no cost estimating or budgeting done in the meeting. Option D is incorrect because it does not involve expenditure approvals or reporting.

Option A is incorrect because there is no review of proposed projects or discussion of priorities. Options B and C are incorrect because there is no cost estimating or budgeting done in the meeting.

Option A is incorrect. Extreme programming is a type of agile methodology. Option B is incorrect because there is no tight collaboration, rapid development and deployment, and frequent testing. Option D is incorrect because the steps of the software development life cycle are not repeated with each iteration focused on defining a subset of work and identifying risks.

Option A is incorrect. Extreme programming is a type of agile methodology. Option B is incorrect because there is no tight collaboration, rapid development and deployment, and frequent testing. Option C is incorrect because the steps of the software development life cycle are repeated.

Option A is incorrect. Continuous integration is not an application development methodology. Option C is incorrect, this is not linear process that does not revisit earlier stages. Option D is incorrect because the steps of the software development life cycle are not repeated with each iteration focused on defining a subset of work and identifying risks.

Option B is incorrect. This is not an example of refactoring suboptimal code. Option C is incorrect, as there is no shifting or transferring of risk. Option D is incorrect. There is no mention that this change would improve the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the service.

Option A is incorrect. This is not an example of incurring technical debt because you are not introducing suboptimal code in order to meet other requirements or constraints. Option C is incorrect. There is no shifting or transferring of risk. Option D is incorrect. There is no mention that this change would improve the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the service.

Option A is incorrect. 200 is the standard HTTP success code. Option C is incorrect because it does not return a standard error code. Option D is incorrect because HTTP APIs should follow broadly accepted conventions so that users of the API can process standard error messages and not have to learn application-specific error messages.

Option B is incorrect. API keys can be used for authentication, but they do not carry assertions. Option C is incorrect. Encryption does not specify authentication information. Option D is incorrect. HTTPS does not provide for assertions.

Option A is incorrect. This is not encryption. Option B is incorrect because defense in depth requires at least two distinct security controls. Option C is incorrect. The solution does not limit privileges based on a user's role. In this case, most users are players. They continue to have the same privileges that they had before resource limiting was put in place.

Option B is incorrect because this testing approach does not include two or more frameworks. Option C is incorrect because it does not include a set of detailed instructions for executing the test. Option D is incorrect. No simulator is used to generate inputs and expected outputs.

Options B and C are incorrect because there is no new development in this migration. Option D is not a valid type of migration strategy.

Option B could be used, but it is not the recommended practice, so it should not be the first option considered. Option C is incorrect. The Google Transfer Service has to be installed in your data center, so it is not an option for migrating data from a public cloud. Option D is incorrect. Cloud Dataproc is a managed Hadoop and Spark service. It is not used for data migrations.

Options A and D are not correct because they would use the 10 GB network, and that would take too long to transfer and consume network resources. Option B is incorrect. gcloud is used to manage many GCP services; it is not used to transfer data from on-premises data centers to Cloud Storage.

Option A is incorrect. cbt is used to manage Bigtable. Option C is incorrect. gsutil is used to work with Cloud Storage. Option D is incorrect. kubectl is used to work with Kubernetes.

Option A is incorrect. gsutil is for working with Cloud Storage. Option B is incorrect. cbt is for working with Bigtable. Option D is incorrect. bq is used for working with BigQuery.

Option B is incorrect. Without an understanding of what you want from a cloud vendor, it is not possible to create a request for proposal. Option C is incorrect. It is too early to discuss licensing if you don't understand your current licensing situation and what licensing you want to have in the cloud. Option D is incorrect. It is a reasonable thing to do as a CTO, but it is too broad of a topic, and instead discussions should be focused on understanding your infrastructure and workloads so you can complete the specific task assigned to you, which is determining how much it would cost and what the benefits of a cloud migration are.

Option A is incorrect, as applications should be migrated after data. Option C is incorrect. There is no need to migrate all identities and access controls until you understand how you will define identities, roles, and groups and if you will be integrating an existing identity provider. Option D is incorrect. There is no reason given that would warrant redesigning a relational database as part of the migration.

Option A is incorrect. Database and network administrators will manage database configuration details when additional information on database implementations is known. Option B is incorrect. It is not necessary to specify specific firewall rules at this stage since network migration issues are still under development. Option D is incorrect. Current backup operations are not relevant to the migration plan any more than any other routine operational procedures.

Options A and B would leave the database unavailable longer than allowed or needed. Option D is not needed because of the small data volume, and it would require the database to be down longer than allowed by the SLA.

Option A is incorrect because IAM roles are used to assign permissions to identities, such as users or service accounts. Option C is incorrect. A VPN is a network link between Google Cloud and on-premises networks. Option D is incorrect. VPCs are high-level abstractions grouping lower-level network components.

Option B is incorrect. Firewall rules are used to control the flow of traffic between subnets. Option C is incorrect. A VPN is a network link between Google Cloud and on-premises networks. Option D is incorrect. VPCs are high-level abstractions grouping lower-level network components.

Option B is incorrect. SNMP is a management protocol, and it does not enable global routing. Options C and D are wrong because they are network services but do not enable global routing.

Option B is incorrect. Cloud Interconnect is a way to implement hybrid computing. Option C is incorrect. Content delivery networks are used to distribute content to reduce latency when delivering that content. Option D is incorrect. VPNs link on-premises data centers to Google Cloud.

Option A is incorrect. Routes are used to control traffic flow and are not directly related to reducing latency of content delivery, although a poorly configured set of routes could cause unnecessarily long latencies. Option B is incorrect. Firewalls will not reduce latency. Option D is incorrect because VPNs are used to link on-premises data centers to Google Cloud.