MOS ICs CAN CONTAIN MORE FUNCTIONS PER CHIP THAN TTL/LS AND ARE VERY EASY TO USE. MOST CHIPS IN THIS SECTION ARE CMOS (COMPLEMENTARY MOS). THEY CONSUME VERY LITTLE POWER AND OPERATE OVER A +3-15 VOLT RANGE. CMOS CAN BE POWERED BY THIS:
OR YOU CAN USE A LINE POWERED SUPPLY MADE FROM A 7805/7812/7815. SEE THE LINEAR SECTION.
INCIDENTALLY, YOU CAN POWER A CMOS CIRCUIT FROM TWO SERIES CONNECTED PENLIGHT CELLS, BUT A 9-12 VOLT SUPPLY WILL GIVE BETTER PERFORMANCE.
1. THE INPUT VOLTAGE SHOULD NOT EXCEED VDD! (TWO EXCEPTIONS: THE 4049 AND 4050.)
2. AVOID, IF POSSIBLE, SLOWLY RISING AND FALLING INPUT SIGNALS SINCE THEY CAN CAUSE EXCESSIVE POWER CONSUMPTION. RISETIMES FASTER THAN 15 MICROSECONDS ARE BEST:
3. ALL UNUSED INPUTS MUST BE CONNECTED TO VDD (+) OR VSS (GND). OTHERWISE ERRATIC CHIP BEHAVIOR AND EXCESSIVE CURRENT CONSUMPTION WILL OCCUR.
4. NEVER CONNECT AN INPUT SIGNAL TO A CMOS CIRCUIT WHEN THE POWER IS OFF.
A CMOS CHIP IS MADE FROM PMOS AND NMOS TRANSISTORS. MOS MEANS METAL - OXIDE - SILICON (OR SEMICONDUCTOR). P AND N REFER TO POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CHANNEL MOS TRANSISTORS. AN NMOS TRANSISTOR LOOKS LIKE THIS:
A PMOS TRANSISTOR IS IDENTICAL EXCEPT THE P AND N REGIONS ARE EXCHANGED. THE SiO2 (SILICON DIOXIDE) LAYER IS A GLASSY FILM THAT SEPARATES AND INSULATES THE METAL GATE FROM THE SILICON SUBSTRATE. THIS FILM IS WHY A MOS TRANSISTOR OR IC PLACES PRACTICALLY NO LOAD ON THE SOURCE OF AN INPUT SIGNAL. THE FILM IS VERY THIN AND IS THEREFORE EASILY PUNCTURED BY STATIC ELECTRICITY:
THE OUTPUT OF EACH GATE GOES LOW WHEN BOTH INPUTS ARE EQUAL. THE OUTPUT GOES HIGH IF THE INPUTS ARE UNEQUAL. MANY APPLICATIONS INCLUDING BINARY ADDITION, COMPARING BINARY WORDS AND PHASE DETECTION.
IMPORTANT: CONNECT UNUSED INPUTS TO PIN 7 OR 14.
DETERMINES IF TWO 4-BIT WORDS ARE EQUAL.
HINT: USE 4011 (P. 8-9) IF 4012 IS UNAVAILABLE.
IF DCBA = D′C′B′A′ OUTPUT IS LOW. OTHERWISE OUTPUT IS HIGH. USE SECOND HALF OF 4012 AS INVERTER TO REVERSE OPERATION.
ONE OF THE MOST VERSATILE CMOS CHIPS. PINS A, B, C AND D CONTROL FOUR ANALOG SWITCHES. CLOSE A SWITCH BY CONNECTING ITS CONTROL PIN TO VDD. ON RESISTANCE = 80–250 OHMS. OPEN A SWITCH BY CONNECTING ITS CONTROL PIN TO GROUND (PIN 7). OFF RESISTANCE = 109 OHMS. I/O (INPUT/OUTPUT) AND O/I PINS ARE REVERSIBLE.
1024 1-BIT STORAGE LOCATIONS ADDRESSED BY PINS A0-A9. TTL/LS COMPATIBLE. CE (CHIP ENABLE) INPUT CONTROLS R/W (READ/WRITE) OPERATIONS). 3-STATE OUTPUTS.
CE | R/W | OPERATION |
L | L | WRITE (LOADS BIT AT PIN 11) |
L | H | READ (OUTPUTS BIT AT PIN 12) |
H | X | H1 Z (OUTPUT ENTERS THIRD STATE) |
ADD THESE CONNECTIONS TO THE ADDRESSING CIRCUIT ON FACING PAGE.
SA–SJ: USE 8-POSITION DIP SWITCHES OR MINIATURE TOGGLES. OPEN = H; CLOSED = L
NORMALLY THE LOAD INPUT IS HIGH. MAKING LOAD LOW LOADS THE ADDRESS PROGRAMMED IN SWITCHES SA-SJ INTO THE 74193’s. THIS PERMITS A PROGRAMMED JUMP OR A MANUAL JUMP TO ANY ADDRESS.
ADD THIS CIRCUIT TO THE ADDRESSING CIRCUIT ON FACING PAGE. WHEN I/O (INPUT/OUTPUT) CONTROL IS H, PIN 3 OF THE 74LS367 ENTERS THIRD STATE (H1-Z) AND I/O PORT ACCEPTS INPUT DATA. WHEN PIN 3 OF THE 74LS367 IS L, I/O PORT OUTPUTS DATA. BOTH THESE OPERATIONS ARE DEPENDENT UPON THE STATUS OF THE 2102L CONTROL INPUTS.
1024-4-BIT STORAGE LOCATIONS ADDRESSED BY PINS A0-A9. TTL/LS COMPATIBLE. FOR READ/WRITE OPERATIONS, CE (CHIP ENABLE, ALSO CALLED CHIP SELECT) MUST BE LOW. WE INPUT MUST BE LOW TO WRITE (LOAD) DATA INTO CHIP. WHEN WE IS HIGH, DATA IN ADDRESSED LOCATION APPEARS AT INPUT/OUTPUT PINS. IDEAL CHIP FOR DO-IT-YOURSELF MICROCOMPUTERS AND CONTROLLERS.
MANUAL JUMP: 1. SET SWITCHES A-J TO DESIRED ADDRESS; 2. PRESS S6.
(NIBBLE = 4-BIT WORD OR 1/2 8-BIT WORD)
USE THIS CIRCUIT TO MANUALLY STORE UP TO 1024 4-BIT WORDS IN A 2114L. AFTER THE DATA IS LOADED, IT CAN THEN BE READ BACK AT THE CLOCK SPEED. THE DATA OUTPUTS ARE PINS 11-14 WHEN DATA INPUT SWITCHES ARE AT NEUTRAL.
BEST TO OUTPUT DATA THROUGH 74LS367 HEX BUFFER.
COMPLETE 3-DIGIT COUNTER. USE FOR DO-IT-YOURSELF EVENT AND FREQUENCY COUNTERS. BEGINNERS: GET SOME PRACTICAL CIRCUIT EXPERIENCE BEFORE USING THIS CHIP. PIN EXPLANATIONS: DS (DIGIT SELECT) 1, 2,3–SEQUENTIALLY STORBES READOUTS. LE—LATCH ENABLE (WHEN H). DIS — INHIBITS INPUT WHEN H. CLOCK–INPUT. MR–MASTER RESET (WHEN H). OF — OVERFLOW. A, B, C, D — BCD OUTPUTS.
THIS CIRCUIT SHOWS HOW TO CASCADE TWO 3-DIGIT COUNTERS. MAXIMUM COUNT IS 999,999. DISPLAYS ARE COMMON CATHODE (COMMON ANODE CONFIGURATION SHOWN ON PREVIOUS PAGE.) NOTE THAT PIN 6 OF 14543 (OR 4543) GOES TO GND INSTEAD OF VDD WHEN COMMON CATHODE DISPLAY IS USED.
USE INPUT AND CONTROL CIRCUIT ON PREVIOUS PAGE. INPUT FREQUENCY SHOULD NOT EXCEED VDD. NON-SQUARE WAVE INPUTS MAY REQUIRE INPUT TAILORING. USE COMPARATOR TO SHARPEN SLOW RISING AUDIO SIGNALS.
CONVERTS BCD DATA INTO FORMAT SUITABLE FOR PRODUCING DECIMAL DIGITS ON 7-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY. INCLUDES BUILT-IN 4-BIT LATCH TO STORE DATA TO BE DISPLAYED (WHEN PIN 5 IS HIGH). WHEN LATCH IS NOT USED (PIN5 LOW), THE 7-SEGMENT OUTPUTS FOLLOW THE BCD INPUTS. MAKE PIN 4 LOW TO EXTINGUISH THE DISPLAY AND HIGH FOR NORMAL OPERATION. MAKE PIN 3 LOW TO TEST THE DISPLAY AND HIGH FOR NORMAL OPERATION.
INPUT ADDRESS AT CBA SELECTS 1-OF-8 ANALOG SWITCHES. SIGNAL AT SELECTED SWITCH I/O (INPUT/OUTPUT) IS THEN APPLIED TO COMMON O/I (OUTPUT/INPUT). THE INPUT SIGNAL MUST NOT EXCEED VDD. THE INHIBIT (INH) INPUT SHOULD BE GROUNDED FOR NORMAL OPERATION. ALL SWITCHES ARE OPEN WHEN INH IS HIGH.
PROVIDES PRECISE 60 Hz SQUARE WAVE WHEN USED WITH 3.579545 MHz COLOR TV CRYSTAL. USE FOR MOST DO-IT-YOURSELF TIMERS, CLOCKS, CONTROLLERS, FUNCTION GENERATORS. INSTALL IN SMALL CABINET FOR WORKBENCH PRECISION CLOCK.
* MOTOROLA SPECIFIES THAT C1 = 30 pF AND C2 = 6.36 pF. OK TO USE SIX 4.7 pF CAPACITORS IN PARALLEL OR 47 pF CAPACITOR FOR C1. TRY TUNABLE CAPACITOR (e.g. 5-50 pF) FOR C2. TO TUNE, CONNECT FREQUENCY METER TO PIN 7. TUNE C2 UNTIL FREQUENCY IS 3,579,545 Hz. ACCURACY FAIRLY GOOD EVEN IF YOU DON’T TUNE C2.