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Today, within most companies, users must log into a variety of different systems to perform various tasks. Some of the systems may be cloud based, some local servers, and some accessible through different devices. The challenge of having multiple servers to access is that users must remember and manage multiple username and password combinations. Further, should an employee join or leave the company, the IT staff must coordinate with the human-resources department to ensure that each of the user’s accounts have been enabled or disabled. User identity management (ID management) is difficult, time-consuming, and expensive. Over the past few years, companies have begun to emerge that provide cloud-based ID management as a service, or IDaaS.