The Internet of Things (IoT)

Today, users connect a wide range of devices to the Internet, such as streaming-video cameras, door-bell security systems, smarthome lights and thermostats, and more. Such devices, as shown in FIGURE 20-1, communicate over the Internet, often using a Wi-Fi connection, to create what users refer to as the Internet of Things (IoT). Many devices that connect to the IoT store data, such as videos or photos, within the cloud.

The growth of the IoT has exploded over the past 10 years due to the ease with which users can add devices. Although the ability to connect devices to the IoT is very convenient, the IoT also create considerable security risks:

• A hacked medical device that connects to the IoT can have devastating results.

• Hackers have been able to hack into smart cars that leverage the IoT.

• The billions of devices that connect to the IoT are each individual targets for hackers.

• Users fear hackers may access devices in a way that allows the hacker to eavesdrop on the users through devices such as Alexa or even watch them on video cameras.

• The ability to hack into a smart-home devices may create a new set of ransomware targets.

As discussed, devices normally connect to the IoT over a Wi-Fi connection. A hacker who can connect to the underlying Wi-Fi may be able to access the connected devices. Hackers often use a technique called war driving to drive through neighborhoods in search of open Wi-Fi networks. To enhance the security of IoT devices, users should connect them to secure WiFi networks and use strong usernames and passwords.

Finally, IoT devices may be built in countries around the world that put the devices at risk for malicious acts by the device manufacturers. If you plan to install an IoT device, you should select the device from a reputable manufacturer.