Index

A

acronyms, motivational

Allen, Steve

anxiety. See speaking anxiety

apologies, avoiding

appearance, importance of

ASCAP

attentiveness, audience

Audience

calls to action for
facing when speaking to
knowing and researching
lack of concern for
monitoring reactions of
preparing presentation setting for
as presentation aspect
size of
surveying

audio visual requirements

auditory (aural) communication channels

auditory (aural) learning

B

body, of presentations

body language. See nonverbal communication

body movement

benefits of using
effective body speak
mirroring feelings with
recording
as transition

bridge words

Briggs, Katherine Cooks

C

calls to action

Carson, Johnny

catalogs

chair arrangements

chalkboards

Channel, as presentation aspect

charts, pictorial

classroom style layouts

closings. See conclusions

comfort zones and levels

communication channels

complete texts, reading from

compound question tactic

computer LCD projectors

conclusions, presentation

confidence

appearance and
building by being yourself
gaining experience and
mental techniques to help

conversational mode

credibility

importance of
lack of in poor presentations
sincerity and

customized program surveys

D

Dale, Edgar (Dale’s Cone of Experience)

delayed personal rewards

delay tactic

Deliver, delivery

descriptive gestures

diagrams

diffusion tactic

dinner style room layouts

direct appeal closings

direct personal rewards

distractions. See Noise

door locations

Dozen Deadly Dangers

E

Eckman, Paul

effective speech, tips for

emphatic gestures

encyclopedias

experienced speakers

eye contact

answering questions and
importance of
lack of
recording
visual aids and

F

Facial Action Coding System (FACS)

facial expressions

fear. See speaking anxiety

Feedback

audience reactions to
defined
as presentation aspect
self-review and
visual feedback, monitoring

fidgeting, avoiding

fig leaf hand position

Flip cameras

flip charts

follow-up, importance of

food and refreshments

foreign languages

formal vs. informal settings

frowning

G

gestures

benefits of using
defined
hand gestures
locations of
mirroring feelings with
recording
types of
using effectively

grabbers, closing

grabbers, opening

graphs

H

hand gestures

answering questions and
fig leaf position
nondescript or open resting position
opera singer position
prayer position
reversed fig leaf position
spider or steeple position
using effectively

handouts

heart rates, anxiety and

high-anxiety speakers

hostility, diffusing

humor, using

I

immediate personal rewards

indirect personal rewards

informal vs. formal settings

information gathering

on audience
importance of
Internet as tool for
library resources for
for message content
presentation time limits and
on standing and positions
surveys for
on visual aids

information overload

insensitive speakers

I.N.S.P.I.R.E. acronym

Internet, as research tool

interpersonal learning

intrapersonal learning

introductions

agenda in
importance of
nonverbal communication and
opening grabbers
purpose in

J

jokes and humor

K

kinesthetic learning

L

lateral movement

LCD projectors

learning styles

auditory or aural
importance of
logical or mathematical
mixed styles
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and
physical or kinesthetic
social or interpersonal
solitary or intrapersonal learning
verbal or linguistic
visual or spacial

lecterns, hiding behind

lecture style room layouts

librarians

library and Internet tools

lighting

linguistic learning

listening skills

logical learning

look ahead closings

M

mathematical learning

Mehrabian, Albert

memorization

Message

content of
effective physical actions and
objectives in
passion and enthusiasm for
as presentation aspect
presentation structure and
purpose of, knowing
speaking style and
topic selection and
visual aids and communicating

mistakes, avoiding

Monroe, Alan H. (Monroe’s motivated sequence)

motivation

movies. See videos and movies

music

in hotel background settings
using during presentation
visual aids and

Myers, Isabel Briggs

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

N

names, remembering

natural comfort zones

negative attitudes, avoiding

nervous speakers. See speaking anxiety

newspapers

nine Ps

Noise

distracting mannerisms, avoiding
external noise and distractions
foreign languages and
internal noise
as presentation aspect
quiet vs. noisy settings
temperature and concentration
visual distractions
See also speaking anxiety

nondescript hand position

nonverbal communication

appearance and
body language experiments and
body movement
defined
effective physical actions
eye contact
facial expressions
gestures
mirroring feelings with
performance vs. conversational mode
posture
recording
speaking anxiety and
walking patterns and
you as visual aid and

Nonverbal Communication (Mehrabian)

notes, referring to

O

objectives, message

objects, pictorial

openings. See introductions

opera singer hand position

Organize, organized

overhead transparencies

P

passion, speaking with

pauses

eye contact and natural pauses
in question-and-answer periods
reading from text and
as transitions
walking patterns and

PEP formula (point, example, point)

performance anxiety. See speaking anxiety

performance mode

periodicals

personal experiences

personal rewards

persuasive presentation

photographs

physical behaviors. See body movement; gestures; nonverbal communication

physical learning

pictorial communication channels

point-by-point transitions

poor presentations, reasons for

positive attitudes

effective physical actions encouraging
friendliness, communicating
importance of
negative attitudes, avoiding
passion and enthusiasm

posters

posture

PowerPoint

practice and improvement

by gaining experience
importance of
for positive attitudes
by recording presentations

prayer hand position

preparation

arriving early and
for audience preferences
building confidence and
importance of
information gathering and
information overload and
nine Ps
poor presentations and lack of
as a process
for setting locations

pre-program surveys

presentation delivery

See also nonverbal communication

presentation environment. See settings

presentation material and content. See Message

presentations, aspects of

1—Speaker
2—Message
3—Audience
4—Channel
5—Feedback
6—Noise
7—Setting
overview

presentation structure

body
calls to action
conclusions
introductions
message and
Monroe’s motivated sequence
time limits and

“professional speakers” type

prompting gestures

punctuality

purpose, presentation

Q

question-and-answer periods

hostile or difficult questions
lack of questions during
preparing for
regular (nondifficult) questions
rephrasing questions

questions, as transitions

quotations, using

R

reference works, for research

refreshments and food

relaxation techniques

research. See information gathering

resting hand position

retention, of presentation material

memorization and
reading from complete text
referring to notes
visual aids and

reversed fig leaf hand position

rhetorical questions

room location and size layouts

room temperature

S

scripts

seating arrangements

self-confidence. See confidence

Setting

audio visual requirements
comfort of
door locations
food and refreshments
formal vs. informal settings
hotel background music
importance of
learning styles and
lighting
on-site presentations
other functions at same location
as presentation aspect
room location and size layouts
table and chair arrangements
window locations

Silent Messages (Mehrabian)

sincerity

Smeadly, Ralph C.

social learning

solitary learning

spacial learning

Speaker

common faults of
credibility of speakers
motivation of
as presentation aspect
types of
as visual aid

speaking anxiety

comfort levels in speech and
conversational mode and
defined
gestures and
heart rates and
improving with experience
knowing content to reduce
mental techniques to reduce
nervous speakers
performance mode and
physical techniques to reduce
preparation techniques to reduce
stage fright
symptoms of
three levels of
types of speakers with

speaking styles

spider hand position

stage fright. See speaking anxiety

standing and position

steeple hand position

Steve Allen Show

stories, as transitions

structure and format. See presentation structure

suggestive gestures

summary closings

SurveyMonkey

surveys

T

table arrangements

team presentations

temperature, room

theater style room layouts

time limits, presentation

Toastmasters International

topic selection

transitions

mistakes made using
in question-and-answer periods
team presentations and
types of

transparencies

trigger transitions

trust. See credibility

Twain, Mark

U

u-shaped room layouts

V

verbal learning

videos and movies

permissions for use
using
visual aids and

visual aids

benefits of using
body language experiments and
conversational language for
font sizes in
mistakes and poor aids
as notes
selecting
as transitions
types of
you as visual aid

visual distractions

visual feedback, monitoring

visualization techniques

visual learning

voice and tone

W

walking patterns

warm-up routines

whiteboards

window locations

Z

Ziglar, Zig

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