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Working with WebLogic Server Applications
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Working with WebLogic Server Applications
by Steve Steffen, Tom Schwenk, Paul J. Perrone, Kunal Mittal, Subramanian Kovilmada
BEA WebLogic Server™ 8.1 Unleashed
Copyright
Foreword
About Gamma Enterprise Technologies
About the Authors
We Want to Hear from You!
Introduction
Getting Started with WebLogic Server
Introduction to WebLogic Server
The Need for WebLogic Server
Brief Overview of WebLogic Server
How WebLogic Server Fits in an Organization
BEA's Product Line
What's New with WebLogic Server 8.1
Summary
Installing WebLogic Server
Windows Install
Unix Install
Installing WebLogic Platform License
Updating WebLogic 8 License
Encryption Licensing
Installing WebLogic 8 Service Packs
Starting and Stopping WebLogic Server 8
Creating Your Own Startup Scripts
Troubleshooting
Summary
Skillset Required for WebLogic Application Development
Software and Hardware Administration
Java Skills
Visual Presentation Skills
Database Skills
Connectivity to Legacy Systems
Testing and Quality Assurance
Customer Support Specialists
Software Development Phases
Summary
Hardware and Configuration Required for WebLogic Application Development
Running WebLogic Server 8.1 in a Development Environment
Other Helpful Software
Packaging and Deploying Software
Team Development
Summary
Enterprise Application Design with WebLogic Server
Understanding N-Tier Applications
J2EE Platform
Modeling Technique—UML
Design Strategy—Model View Controller Pattern
Development Methodologies
Summary
WebLogic Server Web Applications
Introduction to WebLogic Web Applications
Web Applications Defined
Web Applications and Request-Response Model
Creating a Web Application
Summary
Deploying Web Applications
Application Packaging and Predeployment
Methods of Deploying Applications
Deployment Issues with WebLogic Server
Deployment Best Practices
Summary
Using J2EE Technologies in WebLogic Applications
Naming and Directory Services with JNDI
Naming Services
Java Naming and Directory Interface
JNDI and WebLogic Server
JNDI Best Practices
Summary
Processing Transactions with the Java Transaction API
Transactions Overview
Transaction Isolation Level
How Transactions Are Performed by WebLogic Server
Transaction Scope
The Java Transaction API and WebLogic
Other JTA Interfaces
WebLogic Extensions to the JTA
Configuring Container-Managed Enterprise Components
JTA Properties in the Administration Console
Global Auctions Use of JTA
Best Practice for Choosing Transaction Attributes
Summary
Managing Database Connectivity Using JDBC
JDBC Architecture
PointBase Database Server
Basic JDBC Features
Advanced JDBC Features
WebLogic JDBC—Monitoring and Tuning
JDBC—Best Practices
JDBC and the Global Auctions Management System
Summary
Creating Distributed Applications with RMI
Introduction to RMI
When to Use RMI
RMI Compiler
Writing RMI Code
Performance Issues
WebLogic RMI Registry
WebLogic RMI API
WebLogic RMI Best Practices
Summary
Enterprise Messaging with JMS
Brief Introduction to Enterprise Messaging
Brief Introduction to JMS
JMS Core Architecture
JMS Point-to-Point Queue Model
JMS Publish-Subscribe Model
JMS Unified Messaging Domain Model
Advanced WebLogic JMS Configuration
Best Practices for Enterprise Messaging
Summary
Handling Mail Services with JavaMail
Email Protocols
Extending the Capability to Your JavaMail API
JavaBeans Activation Framework
Core Classes of the JavaMail API
JavaMail and WebLogic Server
Creating Email Components
JavaMail and the Global Auctions Application
Summary
Using Web Technologies in WebLogic Applications
Writing WebLogic Server Servlets
Servlet 2.3 Specification
Servlets and Alternatives
Servlet Life Cycle
Writing Simple Servlets
When to Use Servlets
Servlet API
Servlet Thread Models
Using the Servlet API
Dispatching to Other Resources
Advanced Servlet Programming
Best Practices for Implementing Servlets
Summary
Writing WebLogic Server JavaServer Pages
Introduction to JSP
How WebLogic Server Works with Servlets
When to Use JSPs
JSP Syntax
JSP Implicit Objects
Sample JSP Page
Configuring and Deploying WebLogic JSP
JSP Best Practices
Summary
JavaBeans and Model-View-Controller (MVC) Architecture
MVC Architecture
Introduction to JavaBeans
How to Incorporate JavaBeans into Servlet-JSP Workflow
MVC Best Practices
Summary
Using JSP Tag Libraries
Use of JSP Tag Libraries
JSP Tag Library Syntax
Tag Libraries Shipped with WebLogic Server
WebLogic Server EJB to JSP Integration Tool
Using Tag Libraries—Best Practices
Additional Resource for JSP Tag Libraries
Summary
Creating JSP Tag Libraries
When Should JSP Tag Libraries Be Created?
Overview of the Steps Required to Build JSP Tags
Tag Handler Life Cycle
Commonly Used JSP Tag Classes and Interfaces
Creating a Simple Tag
Creating a Tag with a Body
Using Custom Tags to Define Scripting Variables
Creating Tag Libraries Best Practices
Summary
Working with Struts
Installing Struts
Introduction to Struts Architecture
Configuring Struts
struts-config.xml File
Back End Programming Using the Struts Framework
Front-End Programming Using the Struts Framework
Struts Sample Application
Summary
Using Enterprise JavaBeans in WebLogic Applications
Enterprise JavaBeans and WebLogic Server
EJB Architecture—Overview
EJB Container
EJB Implementation
EJB Deployment Descriptors
EJB Deployment
Other EJB Features
Summary
Working with Session Beans
Composition of a Session Bean
Case Study: XYZ Airlines Online Reservation System
Working with Stateless Session Beans
Working with Stateful Session Beans
Session Beans and WebLogic Server Clustering
Transactions and Session Beans
Best Practices
Summary
Working with Entity Beans
What Are Entity Beans?
What Do Entity Beans Provide?
Entity Bean Life Cycle
Entity Bean Classes and Interfaces
Creating BMP Entity Beans
Creating CMP Entity Beans
Relationship Caching in EJBs
Caching in Entity Beans
WebLogic Query Language
Advanced Entity Bean Features
Tools for Working with EJBs in WebLogic Server 8.1
EJB Features Deprecated in WebLogic 8.1
Entity Bean Best Practices
Summary
Working with Message-Driven Beans
When to Use Message-Driven Beans
How to Create Message-Driven Beans
Sample Message-Driven Bean
Message-Driven Beans Best Practices
Summary
Working with WebLogic Server Applications
Testing and Debugging Applications
An Introduction to Software Testing
Finding Problems Early: Unit Testing
Gathering Information with Logging APIs
Debugging WebLogic with an Integrated Debugger
Best Practices
Summary
Optimizing WebLogic Server Applications
Defining Different Types of Performance Tests
Preparing for Performance and Load Testing
How to Performance Test
Areas to Tune
WebLogic Server Tuning
Database and SQL Tuning
A Performance Testing and Tuning Example
Best Practices
Summary
WebLogic Server Security
Web Applications and Security
Overview of Security Issues for Web Applications
Trends That Are Affecting Security
Areas of Vulnerability
Attacks
Technologies to Address Security Risks
Best Practices to Address Security Risks
Summary
How WebLogic Server Implements Security
The J2SE Security Model
J2EE Security Model
How Security Works in WebLogic Server
Migration from WebLogic Server 6.x
Summary
Securing WebLogic Server and WebLogic Server Applications
Protecting WebLogic Server Applications
Securing Java Clients
Introduction to JAAS
Creating a Custom Security Provider
Using Secure Sockets Layer
Establishing Trust Between Domains
Securing Best Practices
Summary
WebLogic Server Enterprise Application Integration
WebLogic Server and XML Technologies
Introduction to XML
Defining an XML Document
XML Parsers
WebLogic Server XML Streaming API
Other Useful XML Features
Extensible Stylesheet Language
Best Practices for Working with XML
Summary
WebLogic Server and Web Services
What Are Web Services?
What Are Web Services Used For?
Support for Web Services in WebLogic
Web Service Technologies
WebLogic Server Web Services Architecture
Tools for Creating Web Services in WebLogic
Creating Web Services with Java Code
Creating a Web Service with a Stateless Session Bean Back End
Working with SOAP Message Handlers
Securing Web Services
Working with the UDDI Directory Explorer
Creating Web Services with WebLogic Workshop
Web Services Best Practices
Summary
Legacy Integration with the J2EE Architecture
The J2EE Connector Architecture and the J2EE Platform
WebLogic's Java Connector Architecture Defined
J2EE Connector Architecture and the Enterprise
Working with Java Connector Architecture Components
Security Concerns
Transaction Management
Configuring WebLogic J2EE-CA
Writing Resource Adapters
Packaging and Deployment Issues
J2EE Connector Architecture Example
Summary
Using SAP's Java Connector with WebLogic Server
What Is JCo?
Installing JCo
SAP System Setup
Client Programming in JCo
Calling an SAP Function
Exception Handling in JCo
Server Programming in JCo
Useful BAPIs and RFCs
Summary
WebLogic Server's jCOM Java/COM Bridge
Understanding jCOM
How jCOM Works
Determining Whether jCOM Is a Good Fit for Your Application
Deciding on the Right jCOM Environment Setup
Zero Client Installs
Choosing Among DCOM, Native In Process, and Native Out of Process Modes
Early and Late Binding Models
Securing Your Java Objects Against Unauthorized Access
Working with jCOM Tools
The Bank Account Example—Java Client Accessing a COM Component
The Inventory Item Example—COM Client Accessing an EJB
Event Handling
Dealing with the Data Types
Summary
CORBA and Tuxedo Integration
WebLogic Tuxedo Connector
RMI over IIOP
Summary
Administering WebLogic Applications
Managing Applications with the Administration Console
WebLogic Server Administration
Connecting to the Administration Console
Overview of the Administration Console User Interface
Configuring the Console
Configuring the Application Server Domain
Managing Network Resources
Deploying Applications and Modules
Configuring WebLogic and J2EE Services
Administering Security Realms
Configuring Domain Log Filters
Monitoring Administrative Tasks
Summary
Installing, Configuring, and Deploying WebLogic Server Clusters
Introduction to WebLogic Server Clustering
Creating and Configuring the Physical Cluster Environment
Clustering Applications and Components
Failover Support for Clustered Services
Cluster Best Practices
Summary
Configuring Management Applications with JMX Services
What Is JMX and Why Would You Want It?
A Basic MBean Example
How WebLogic Uses JMX
JMX Notification Model and Monitors
Summary
Administration via the Command-Line Interface
Administration Commands
Command Examples and Scripts
Using the Command Interface Commands to Build Scripts
Using Ant with the Command-Line Interface
Best Practices for Command-Line Interface Administration
Summary
Appendices
Quick Reference for Creating New Domains for WebLogic Development
Creating a New WebLogic Server Domain
Deploying an HTML Page
Deploying a JSP
Deploying a Servlet
Migration from Previous Versions
Migration from Versions 6.0/6.1/7.0 to 8.1
Migration from Versions 4.5/5.1 to 8.1
Installation Recommendations for All Migrations
Application Recommendations for All Migrations
Using WebLogic Workshop 8.1 with WebLogic Server
Workshop 8.1—More Than an IDE
Workshop 8.1—More Than a Web Services Tool
What Can You Do with Workshop 8.1?
Development Using Workshop
Debugging and Testing Using Workshop
Compatibility of Workshop 8.1 with Workshop 7.0
Service-Oriented Development in Workshop
Index
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Summary
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Testing and Debugging Applications
Part VI: Working with WebLogic Server Applications
IN THIS PART
CHAPTER 24
Testing and Debugging Applications
CHAPTER 25
Optimizing WebLogic Server Applications
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